[SDAG] Build up a more rich set of APIs for querying build-vector SDAG
nodes about whether they are splats. This is factored out and improved
from r212324 which got reverted as it was far too aggressive. The new
API should help more conservatively handle buildvectors that are
a mixture of splatted and undef values.

No functionality change at this point. The hope is to slowly
re-introduce the undef-tolerant optimization of splats, but each time
being forced to make a concious decision about how to handle the undefs
in a way that doesn't lead to contradicting assumptions about the
collapsed value.

Hal has pointed out in discussions that this may not end up being the
desired API and instead it may be more convenient to get a mask of the
undef elements or something similar. I'm starting simple and will expand
the API as I adapt actual callers and see exactly what they need.