Repo cleanup to comply with new catapult deploy process

- Added `/dist/` folder to store output files (but put it in the
`.gitignore`)
- Replaced references to version numbers with `0.0.0`
- Replaced all-release `CHANGELOG.md` with per-release `changelog.txt`
- Removed `release.sh` script
- Added `npm run travis` command to `package.json` to build the
distribution files before testing
- Updated and corrected things in the README
- Updated included release files in `package.json` and `bower.json`
- Fixed links to distribution files within tests
Fixed Travis build failure
Moved distribution files back to the root of the repo
Merge pull request #57 from firebase/jw-catapult

Repo cleanup to comply with new catapult deploy process