Generic logic

This is perhaps not optimally polished, but I'm putting it out here for feedback.  The idea is that a "logic" is essentially a modality, and we can define all the logical operations relative to "a logic", with PAT-logic and (-1)-logic as important special cases.  More description can be found in the comments.  I included LEM as an example of how to use this kind of generic logic; next up would be AC, which is potentially parametrized by 2 or 3 different modalities/logics.

I had to make a bunch of choices about how to implement it, and my only indication that they're the right ones is that nothing else I tried worked as well.  So I'm very open to suggestions, up to and including "this is a terrible idea".

One particular infelicity is that this change slows down the compilation of `V.v` by almost a factor of 3.  I don't have any idea why that might be, but if it's going to consistently do that whenever we make heavy use of `hexists` (which `V.v` is currently the only theory that does), then one might argue that this is not worth it.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedman_translation

My guess is that the propositions are only the hprops. The A-translation is
usually done for FOL, not for DTT.
However, I should reread papers like Hugo's:
http://pauillac.inria.fr/~herbelin/articles/lics-Her10-markov.pdf

On Thu, Sep 25, 2014 at 7:10 PM, Mike Shulman <notifications@github.com>
wrote:

> In theories/Logic/Generic.v:
>
> > +
> > +Definition truncated_logic (n : trunc_index) : Logic.
> > +Proof.
> > +  refine (Build_Logic (truncation_modality n) _).
> > +  - destruct n.
> > +    + exact (inr tt).
> > +    + apply inl; simpl; exact _.
> > +Defined.
> > +
> > +Coercion truncated_logic : trunc_index >-> Logic.
> > +
> > +Global Notation oo := PAT_logic.
> > +
> > +Definition notnot_logic `{Funext} : Logic
> > +  := Build_Logic notnot_modality (inl _).
> > +
>
> ("A-translation" is very hard to google for...)
>
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