Adding image multiple location support

Images now support multiple locations within its metadata and it may be
stored on more than one backend storage. Nova should add a layer to
transparently handle image preparing and removing for an instance by the
best approach/location, and it should allow administrators to configure
the image handler pipeline with the order who preferred to the layer.

Also, based on this structure we could implement particular sub-class in
relevant hypervisor layer with more advanced functions, such as CoW
making, snapshot capturing and etc. in future.

Implement bp: image-multiple-location
DocImpact

Change-Id: Idce8d21ae37bfdbb28a2567120a83d1061061904
Signed-off-by: Zhi Yan Liu <zhiyanl@cn.ibm.com>
Move libvirt RBD utilities to a new file

This will make it easier to share rbd-related code with
cinder and glance. Port the applicable unit tests over
from cinder.

Change-Id: I5bf08da87daf1d98f326f21cf33aba68aa830785
Signed-off-by: Josh Durgin <josh.durgin@inktank.com>
enable cloning for rbd-backed ephemeral disks

Currently when using rbd as an image backend, nova downloads the
glance image to local disk and then copies it again into rbd. This
can be very slow for large images, and wastes bandwidth as well as
disk space.

When the glance image is stored in the same ceph cluster, the data is
being pulled out and pushed back in unnecessarily. Instead, create a
copy-on-write clone of the image. This is fast, and does not depend
on the size of the image. Instead of taking minutes, booting takes
seconds, and is not limited by the disk copy.

Add some rbd utility functions from cinder to support cloning and
let the rbd imagebackend rely on librbd instead of the rbd
command line tool for checking image existence.

Add an ImageHandler for rbd that does the cloning if an applicable
image location is available. If no such location is available, or rbd
is not configured for ephemeral disks, this handler does nothing, so
enable it by default.

blueprint rbd-clone-image-handler
Closes-bug: 1226351
Change-Id: I9b77a50206d0eda709df8356faaeeba35d232f22
Signed-off-by: Josh Durgin <josh.durgin@inktank.com>
Signed-off-by: Zhi Yan Liu <zhiyanl@cn.ibm.com>