(CFACT-121) Implement dynamic loading of the ruby dll on Windows

Adds defines for Windows _access and _waccess calls, to make them similar to Linux.
Adds a scoped_error class for Windows system error messages.
Adds execution::which, implemented identically to Facter's method.
Simplifies POSIX api::find_library with use of tie for comparison and assignment.
Implements Windows api::find_library, dynamic_library::load, and dynamic_library::find_symbol to facilitate loading the Ruby dll.
Add --trace option for low-level logging that's rarely useful for debugging and clutters the output.
(CFACT-121) Implement find_by_pattern and minor fixes

Implemented find_by_pattern, which searches loaded DLLs for one that matches the
specified pattern and returns a handle to it in the form of a dynamic_library.
Fixed const and & correctness of helper functions.
Changed Ruby library version comparisons to use int instead of string.
Check that a sub_match is valid before using lexical_cast in regex.hpp, so optional
matches don't throw an exception.
Merge pull request #137 from MikaelSmith/task/master/CFACT-121-implement-ruby-facts-on-Windows

(CFACT-121) Implement dynamic loading of the ruby dll on Windows