Squashed RCU Upstream updates(1/2)

rcu: Abstract common code for RCU grace-period-wait primitives

Pull the code that waits for an RCU grace period into a single function,
which is then called by synchronize_rcu() and friends in the case of
TREE_RCU and TREE_PREEMPT_RCU, and from rcu_barrier() and friends in
the case of TINY_RCU and TINY_PREEMPT_RCU.

Change-Id: If0cfd3967dc5679dad494273d715a7125ebac8cc
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Add event-tracing for RCU callback invocation

There was recently some controversy about the overhead of invoking RCU
callbacks.  Add TRACE_EVENT()s to obtain fine-grained timings for the
start and stop of a batch of callbacks and also for each callback invoked.

Change-Id: I85563c876d17911538b0a2faf66b1c872b6251ec
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Event-trace markers for computing RCU CPU utilization

This commit adds the trace_rcu_utilization() marker that is to be
used to allow postprocessing scripts compute RCU's CPU utilization,
give or take event-trace overhead.  Note that we do not include RCU's
dyntick-idle interface because event tracing requires RCU protection,
which is not available in dyntick-idle mode.

Change-Id: Icb6c65933b44e8e8c9c1253fa48613b4f8ae1b26
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Put names into TINY_RCU structures under RCU_TRACE

In order to allow event tracing to distinguish between flavors of
RCU, we need those names in the relevant RCU data structures.  TINY_RCU
has avoided them for memory-footprint reasons, so add them only if
CONFIG_RCU_TRACE=y.

Change-Id: Iadcd3b2ab56de71b2832a5ffdcd265d3352ba976
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Add RCU type to callback-invocation tracing

Add a string to the rcu_batch_start() and rcu_batch_end() trace
messages that indicates the RCU type ("rcu_sched", "rcu_bh", or
"rcu_preempt").  The trace messages for the actual invocations
themselves are not marked, as it should be clear from the
rcu_batch_start() and rcu_batch_end() events before and after.

Change-Id: Ie4a697980110532b35f1d85723fb18ce5fb36b21
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Update comments to reflect softirqs vs. kthreads

We now have kthreads only for flavors of RCU that support boosting,
so update the now-misleading comments accordingly.

Change-Id: Ia0dcfc3020b6a9f06876b773e4bd1ea24a258235
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Add grace-period, quiescent-state, and call_rcu trace events

Add trace events to record grace-period start and end, quiescent states,
CPUs noticing grace-period start and end, grace-period initialization,
call_rcu() invocation, tasks blocking in RCU read-side critical sections,
tasks exiting those same critical sections, force_quiescent_state()
detection of dyntick-idle and offline CPUs, CPUs entering and leaving
dyntick-idle mode (except from NMIs), CPUs coming online and going
offline, and CPUs being kicked for staying in dyntick-idle mode for too
long (as in many weeks, even on 32-bit systems).

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Add the rcu flavor to callback trace events

The earlier trace events for registering RCU callbacks and for invoking
them did not include the RCU flavor (rcu_bh, rcu_preempt, or rcu_sched).
This commit adds the RCU flavor to those trace events.

Change-Id: I609eab279b23e5d61c9cf5c0a34efd10d638ded7
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Simplify quiescent-state accounting

There is often a delay between the time that a CPU passes through a
quiescent state and the time that this quiescent state is reported to the
RCU core.  It is quite possible that the grace period ended before the
quiescent state could be reported, for example, some other CPU might have
deduced that this CPU passed through dyntick-idle mode.  It is critically
important that quiescent state be counted only against the grace period
that was in effect at the time that the quiescent state was detected.

Previously, this was handled by recording the number of the last grace
period to complete when passing through a quiescent state.  The RCU
core then checks this number against the current value, and rejects
the quiescent state if there is a mismatch.  However, one additional
possibility must be accounted for, namely that the quiescent state was
recorded after the prior grace period completed but before the current
grace period started.  In this case, the RCU core must reject the
quiescent state, but the recorded number will match.  This is handled
when the CPU becomes aware of a new grace period -- at that point,
it invalidates any prior quiescent state.

This works, but is a bit indirect.  The new approach records the current
grace period, and the RCU core checks to see (1) that this is still the
current grace period and (2) that this grace period has not yet ended.
This approach simplifies reasoning about correctness, and this commit
changes over to this new approach.

Change-Id: Icddd17bc3327199f9ea053b164b4843de4f01144
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Eliminate in_irq() checks in rcu_enter_nohz()

The in_irq() check in rcu_enter_nohz() is redundant because if we really
are in an interrupt, the attempt to re-enter dyntick-idle mode will invoke
rcu_needs_cpu() in any case, which will force the check for RCU callbacks.
So this commit removes the check along with the set_need_resched().

Change-Id: I6a36537955f2bcb2333ec45bb99f8946605390ef
Suggested-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Make rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs() locals be correct size

When the ->dynticks field in the rcu_dynticks structure changed to an
atomic_t, its size on 64-bit systems changed from 64 bits to 32 bits.
The local variables in rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs() need to change as
well, hence this commit.

Change-Id: Ic9ac68a7c17b3d1b7fede64a4ece64d6218edd81
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

 rcu: Dump local stack if cannot dump all CPUs' stacks

The trigger_all_cpu_backtrace() function is a no-op in architectures that
do not define arch_trigger_all_cpu_backtrace.  On such architectures, RCU
CPU stall warning messages contain no stack trace information, which makes
debugging quite difficult.  This commit therefore substitutes dump_stack()
for architectures that do not define arch_trigger_all_cpu_backtrace,
so that at least the local CPU's stack is dumped as part of the RCU CPU
stall warning message.

Change-Id: I6dd1bad0d6aab6a37c31e4872355e9f4353c32b3
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Prevent early boot set_need_resched() from __rcu_pending()

There isn't a whole lot of point in poking the scheduler before there
are other tasks to switch to.  This commit therefore adds a check
for rcu_scheduler_fully_active in __rcu_pending() to suppress any
pre-scheduler calls to set_need_resched().  The downside of this approach
is additional runtime overhead in a reasonably hot code path.

Change-Id: Id36200d61ae585a091eaa85a22a6d426fc6a3bdf
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Prohibit grace periods during early boot

Greater use of RCU during early boot (before the scheduler is operating)
is causing RCU to attempt to start grace periods during that time, which
in turn is resulting in both RCU and the callback functions attempting
to use the scheduler before it is ready.

This commit prevents these problems by prohibiting RCU grace periods
until after the scheduler has spawned the first non-idle task.

Change-Id: I9f1a9fb426aedbb4c547bce8447e7f25d444c4c0
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Suppress NMI backtraces when stall ends before dump

It is possible for an RCU CPU stall to end just as it is detected, in
which case the current code will uselessly dump all CPU's stacks.
This commit therefore checks for this condition and refrains from
sending needless NMIs.

And yes, the stall might also end just after we checked all CPUs and
tasks, but in that case we would at least have given some clue as
to which CPU/task was at fault.

Change-Id: I6a28c5a5cad64ad4a93064cfc01dbc50b8ecc890
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Avoid having just-onlined CPU resched itself when RCU is idle

CPUs set rdp->qs_pending when coming online to resolve races with
grace-period start.  However, this means that if RCU is idle, the
just-onlined CPU might needlessly send itself resched IPIs.  Adjust
the online-CPU initialization to avoid this, and also to correctly
cause the CPU to respond to the current grace period if needed.

Change-Id: I24bc1cbf222a3fbc4d38534de180397eca9a6c54
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Christian Hoffmann <email@christianhoffmann.info>

rcu: Wire up RCU_BOOST_PRIO for rcutree

RCU boost threads start life at RCU_BOOST_PRIO, while others remain
at RCU_KTHREAD_PRIO.  While here, change thread names to match other
kthreads, and adjust rcu_yield() to not override the priority set by
the user.  This last change sets the stage for runtime changes to
priority in the -rt tree.

Change-Id: I6871f240795eff5ead3d7fe6521b44d5cde47380
Signed-off-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Remove rcu_needs_cpu_flush() to avoid false quiescent states

The purpose of rcu_needs_cpu_flush() was to iterate on pushing the
current grace period in order to help the current CPU enter dyntick-idle
mode.  However, this can result in failures if the CPU starts entering
dyntick-idle mode, but then backs out.  In this case, the call to
rcu_pending() from rcu_needs_cpu_flush() might end up announcing a
non-existing quiescent state.

This commit therefore removes rcu_needs_cpu_flush() in favor of letting
the dyntick-idle machinery at the end of the softirq handler push the
loop along via its call to rcu_pending().

Change-Id: I0837302670013fa67ff3bf99d24c07b29846fca2
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Move propagation of ->completed from rcu_start_gp() to rcu_report_qs_rsp()

It is possible for the CPU that noted the end of the prior grace period
to not need a new one, and therefore to decide to propagate ->completed
throughout the rcu_node tree without starting another grace period.
However, in so doing, it releases the root rcu_node structure's lock,
which can allow some other CPU to start another grace period.  The first
CPU will be propagating ->completed in parallel with the second CPU
initializing the rcu_node tree for the new grace period.  In theory
this is harmless, but in practice we need to keep things simple.

This commit therefore moves the propagation of ->completed to
rcu_report_qs_rsp(), and refrains from marking the old grace period
as having been completed until it has finished doing this.  This
prevents anyone from starting a new grace period concurrently with
marking the old grace period as having been completed.

Of course, the optimization where a CPU needing a new grace period
doesn't bother marking the old one completed is still in effect:
In that case, the marking happens implicitly as part of initializing
the new grace period.

Change-Id: I15ce1735f435c1271e417572ceee927f3befdd33
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

kernel: Map most files to use export.h instead of module.h

The changed files were only including linux/module.h for the
EXPORT_SYMBOL infrastructure, and nothing else.  Revector them
onto the isolated export header for faster compile times.

Nothing to see here but a whole lot of instances of:

  -#include <linux/module.h>
  +#include <linux/export.h>

This commit is only changing the kernel dir; next targets
will probably be mm, fs, the arch dirs, etc.

Change-Id: I29fd5da9445d7d84c6f6a1967827b9c2ad3917d0
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>

kernel: ksysfs.c is implicitly using stat.h

With the module.h usage cleanup, we'll get this:

kernel/ksysfs.c:161: error: ‘S_IRUGO’ undeclared here (not in a function)
make[2]: *** [kernel/ksysfs.o] Error 1

Change-Id: I18754cd28a9d0b15bc37ba14f45a3c9a914acfbc
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>

kernel: fix two implicit header assumptions in irq_work.c

Up until now, this file was getting percpu.h because nearly every
file was implicitly getting module.h (and all its sub-includes).
But we want to clean that up, so call out percpu.h explicitly.
Otherwise we'll get things like this on an ARM build:

kernel/irq_work.c:48: error: expected declaration specifiers or '...' before 'irq_work_list'
kernel/irq_work.c:48: warning: type defaults to 'int' in declaration of 'DEFINE_PER_CPU'

The same thing was happening for builds on ARM for asm/processor.h

kernel/irq_work.c: In function 'irq_work_sync':
kernel/irq_work.c:166: error: implicit declaration of function 'cpu_relax'

Change-Id: I719016c38a3fed35532b5c0c1b484fac4e492690
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>