[SPARK-4304] [PySpark] Fix sort on empty RDD

This PR fix sortBy()/sortByKey() on empty RDD.

This should be back ported into 1.1/1.2

Author: Davies Liu <davies@databricks.com>

Closes #3162 from davies/fix_sort and squashes the following commits:

84f64b7 [Davies Liu] add tests
52995b5 [Davies Liu] fix sortByKey() on empty RDD
[MLLIB] [PYTHON] SPARK-4221: Expose nonnegative ALS in the python API

SPARK-1553 added alternating nonnegative least squares to MLLib, however it's not possible to access it via the python API.  This pull request resolves that.

Author: Michelangelo D'Agostino <mdagostino@civisanalytics.com>

Closes #3095 from mdagost/python_nmf and squashes the following commits:

a6743ad [Michelangelo D'Agostino] Use setters instead of static methods in PythonMLLibAPI.  Remove the new static methods I added.  Set seed in tests.  Change ratings to ratingsRDD in both train and trainImplicit for consistency.
7cffd39 [Michelangelo D'Agostino] Swapped nonnegative and seed in a few more places.
3fdc851 [Michelangelo D'Agostino] Moved seed to the end of the python parameter list.
bdcc154 [Michelangelo D'Agostino] Change seed type to java.lang.Long so that it can handle null.
cedf043 [Michelangelo D'Agostino] Added in ability to set the seed from python and made that play nice with the nonnegative changes.  Also made the python ALS tests more exact.
a72fdc9 [Michelangelo D'Agostino] Expose nonnegative ALS in the python API.
[SPARK-4291][Build] Rename network module projects

The names of the recently introduced network modules are inconsistent with those of the other modules in the project. We should just drop the "Code" suffix since it doesn't sacrifice any meaning, especially before they get into an official release.

```
[INFO] Reactor Build Order:
[INFO]
[INFO] Spark Project Parent POM
[INFO] Spark Project Common Network Code
[INFO] Spark Project Shuffle Streaming Service Code
[INFO] Spark Project Core
[INFO] Spark Project Bagel
[INFO] Spark Project GraphX
[INFO] Spark Project Streaming
[INFO] Spark Project Catalyst
[INFO] Spark Project SQL
[INFO] Spark Project ML Library
[INFO] Spark Project Tools
[INFO] Spark Project Hive
[INFO] Spark Project REPL
[INFO] Spark Project YARN Parent POM
[INFO] Spark Project YARN Stable API
[INFO] Spark Project Assembly
[INFO] Spark Project External Twitter
[INFO] Spark Project External Kafka
[INFO] Spark Project External Flume Sink
[INFO] Spark Project External Flume
[INFO] Spark Project External ZeroMQ
[INFO] Spark Project External MQTT
[INFO] Spark Project Examples
[INFO] Spark Project Yarn Shuffle Service Code
```

Author: Andrew Or <andrew@databricks.com>

Closes #3148 from andrewor14/build-drop-code and squashes the following commits:

eac839b [Andrew Or] Network -> Networking
d01ad47 [Andrew Or] Rename network module project names
[Minor] [Core] Don't NPE on closeQuietly(null)

Author: Aaron Davidson <aaron@databricks.com>

Closes #3166 from aarondav/closeQuietlyer and squashes the following commits:

78096b5 [Aaron Davidson] Don't NPE on closeQuietly(null)
[SPARK-4301] StreamingContext should not allow start() to be called after calling stop()

In Spark 1.0.0+, calling `stop()` on a StreamingContext that has not been started is a no-op which has no side-effects. This allows users to call `stop()` on a fresh StreamingContext followed by `start()`. I believe that this almost always indicates an error and is not behavior that we should support. Since we don't allow `start() stop() start()` then I don't think it makes sense to allow `stop() start()`.

The current behavior can lead to resource leaks when StreamingContext constructs its own SparkContext: if I call `stop(stopSparkContext=True)`, then I expect StreamingContext's underlying SparkContext to be stopped irrespective of whether the StreamingContext has been started. This is useful when writing unit test fixtures.

Prior discussions:
- https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/3053#discussion-diff-19710333R490
- https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/3121#issuecomment-61927353

Author: Josh Rosen <joshrosen@databricks.com>

Closes #3160 from JoshRosen/SPARK-4301 and squashes the following commits:

dbcc929 [Josh Rosen] Address more review comments
bdbe5da [Josh Rosen] Stop SparkContext after stopping scheduler, not before.
03e9c40 [Josh Rosen] Always stop SparkContext, even if stop(false) has already been called.
832a7f4 [Josh Rosen] Address review comment
5142517 [Josh Rosen] Add tests; improve Scaladoc.
813e471 [Josh Rosen] Revert workaround added in https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/3053/files#diff-e144dbee130ed84f9465853ddce65f8eR49
5558e70 [Josh Rosen] StreamingContext.stop() should stop SparkContext even if StreamingContext has not been started yet.
SPARK-971 [DOCS] Link to Confluence wiki from project website / documentation

This is a trivial change to add links to the wiki from `README.md` and the main docs page. It is already linked to from spark.apache.org.

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #3169 from srowen/SPARK-971 and squashes the following commits:

dcb84d0 [Sean Owen] Add link to wiki from README, docs home page
SPARK-1344 [DOCS] Scala API docs for top methods

Use "k" in javadoc of top and takeOrdered to avoid confusion with type K in pair RDDs. I think this resolves the discussion in SPARK-1344.

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #3168 from srowen/SPARK-1344 and squashes the following commits:

6963fcc [Sean Owen] Use "k" in javadoc of top and takeOrdered to avoid confusion with type K in pair RDDs
MAINTENANCE: Automated closing of pull requests.

This commit exists to close the following pull requests on Github:

Closes #464 (close requested by 'JoshRosen')
Closes #283 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #449 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #907 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #2478 (close requested by 'JoshRosen')
Closes #2192 (close requested by 'tdas')
Closes #918 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #1465 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #3135 (close requested by 'JoshRosen')
Closes #1693 (close requested by 'tdas')
Closes #1279 (close requested by 'pwendell')
SPARK-1209 [CORE] (Take 2) SparkHadoop{MapRed,MapReduce}Util should not use package org.apache.hadoop

andrewor14 Another try at SPARK-1209, to address https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/2814#issuecomment-61197619

I successfully tested with `mvn -Dhadoop.version=1.0.4 -DskipTests clean package; mvn -Dhadoop.version=1.0.4 test` I assume that is what failed Jenkins last time. I also tried `-Dhadoop.version1.2.1` and `-Phadoop-2.4 -Pyarn -Phive` for more coverage.

So this is why the class was put in `org.apache.hadoop` to begin with, I assume. One option is to leave this as-is for now and move it only when Hadoop 1.0.x support goes away.

This is the other option, which adds a call to force the constructor to be public at run-time. It's probably less surprising than putting Spark code in `org.apache.hadoop`, but, does involve reflection. A `SecurityManager` might forbid this, but it would forbid a lot of stuff Spark does. This would also only affect Hadoop 1.0.x it seems.

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #3048 from srowen/SPARK-1209 and squashes the following commits:

0d48f4b [Sean Owen] For Hadoop 1.0.x, make certain constructors public, which were public in later versions
466e179 [Sean Owen] Disable MIMA warnings resulting from moving the class -- this was also part of the PairRDDFunctions type hierarchy though?
eb61820 [Sean Owen] Move SparkHadoopMapRedUtil / SparkHadoopMapReduceUtil from org.apache.hadoop to org.apache.spark
SPARK-3179. Add task OutputMetrics.

Author: Sandy Ryza <sandy@cloudera.com>

This patch had conflicts when merged, resolved by
Committer: Kay Ousterhout <kayousterhout@gmail.com>

Closes #2968 from sryza/sandy-spark-3179 and squashes the following commits:

dce4784 [Sandy Ryza] More review feedback
8d350d1 [Sandy Ryza] Fix test against Hadoop 2.5+
e7c74d0 [Sandy Ryza] More review feedback
6cff9c4 [Sandy Ryza] Review feedback
fb2dde0 [Sandy Ryza] SPARK-3179
MAINTENANCE: Automated closing of pull requests.

This commit exists to close the following pull requests on Github:

Closes #2898 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #2212 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #2102 (close requested by 'pwendell')
[SPARK-2703][Core]Make Tachyon related unit tests execute without deploying a Tachyon system locally.

Make Tachyon related unit tests execute without deploying a Tachyon system locally.

Author: RongGu <gurongwalker@gmail.com>

Closes #3030 from RongGu/SPARK-2703 and squashes the following commits:

ad08827 [RongGu] Make Tachyon related unit tests execute without deploying a Tachyon system locally
[SQL] support udt to hive types conversion (hive->udt is not supported)

marmbrus

Author: Xiangrui Meng <meng@databricks.com>

Closes #3164 from mengxr/hive-udt and squashes the following commits:

57c7519 [Xiangrui Meng] support udt->hive types (hive->udt is not supported)
[SPARK-4169] [Core] Accommodate non-English Locales in unit tests

For me the core tests failed because there are two locale dependent parts in the code.
Look at the Jira ticket for details.

Why is it necessary to check the exception message in isBindCollision in
https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/master/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/util/Utils.scala#L1686
?

Author: Niklas Wilcke <1wilcke@informatik.uni-hamburg.de>

Closes #3036 from numbnut/core-test-fix and squashes the following commits:

1fb0d04 [Niklas Wilcke] Fixing locale dependend code and tests
SPARK-2548 [STREAMING] JavaRecoverableWordCount is missing

Here's my attempt to re-port `RecoverableNetworkWordCount` to Java, following the example of its Scala and Java siblings. I fixed a few minor doc/formatting issues along the way I believe.

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #2564 from srowen/SPARK-2548 and squashes the following commits:

0d0bf29 [Sean Owen] Update checkpoint call as in https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/2735
35f23e3 [Sean Owen] Remove old comment about running in standalone mode
179b3c2 [Sean Owen] Re-port RecoverableNetworkWordCount to Java example, and touch up doc / formatting in related examples
Update RecoverableNetworkWordCount.scala

Trying this example, I missed the moment when the checkpoint was iniciated

Author: comcmipi <pitonak@fns.uniba.sk>

Closes #2735 from comcmipi/patch-1 and squashes the following commits:

b6d8001 [comcmipi] Update RecoverableNetworkWordCount.scala
96fe274 [comcmipi] Update RecoverableNetworkWordCount.scala
[SPARK-4312] bash doesn't have "die"

sbt-launch-lib.bash includes `die` command but it's not valid command for Linux, MacOS X or Windows.

Closes #2898

Author: Jey Kottalam <jey@kottalam.net>

Closes #3182 from sarutak/SPARK-4312 and squashes the following commits:

24c6677 [Jey Kottalam] bash doesn't have "die"
SPARK-4230. Doc for spark.default.parallelism is incorrect

Author: Sandy Ryza <sandy@cloudera.com>

Closes #3107 from sryza/sandy-spark-4230 and squashes the following commits:

37a1d19 [Sandy Ryza] Clear up a couple things
34d53de [Sandy Ryza] SPARK-4230. Doc for spark.default.parallelism is incorrect
SPARK-1297 Upgrade HBase dependency to 0.98

pwendell rxin
Please take a look

Author: tedyu <yuzhihong@gmail.com>

Closes #3115 from tedyu/master and squashes the following commits:

2b079c8 [tedyu] SPARK-1297 Upgrade HBase dependency to 0.98
[SPARK-4047] - Generate runtime warnings for example implementation of PageRank

Based on SPARK-2434, this PR generates runtime warnings for example implementations (Python, Scala) of PageRank.

Author: Varadharajan Mukundan <srinathsmn@gmail.com>

Closes #2894 from varadharajan/SPARK-4047 and squashes the following commits:

5f9406b [Varadharajan Mukundan] [SPARK-4047] - Point users to LogisticRegressionWithSGD and LogisticRegressionWithLBFGS instead of LogisticRegressionModel
252f595 [Varadharajan Mukundan] a. Generate runtime warnings for
05a018b [Varadharajan Mukundan] Fix PageRank implementation's package reference
5c2bf54 [Varadharajan Mukundan] [SPARK-4047] - Generate runtime warnings for example implementation of PageRank