Test and Style Cleanup

First pass at getting tests and style back up to speed. Still some failures, but much better than before.

Current Rubocop status:

```
95   Style/StringLiterals
43   Metrics/LineLength
38   Style/HashSyntax
33   Style/MethodCallParentheses
25   Metrics/MethodLength
24   Style/RedundantReturn
24   Style/TrailingWhitespace
20   Style/PerlBackrefs
19   Style/DefWithParentheses
12   Style/IndentHash
11   Style/AccessorMethodName
9    Style/IndentationWidth
9    Style/SpaceInsideBlockBraces
8    Style/SpaceInsideHashLiteralBraces
7    Lint/DeprecatedClassMethods
7    Style/TrailingBlankLines
6    Lint/AssignmentInCondition
6    Style/DoubleNegation
5    Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
5    Style/BracesAroundHashParameters
5    Style/IfUnlessModifier
5    Style/SpaceBeforeBlockBraces
5    Style/VariableName
4    Style/RedundantException
4    Style/SignalException
4    Style/SpaceAroundOperators
3    Style/SpaceAfterComma
3    Style/SymbolProc
2    Lint/UnusedBlockArgument
2    Lint/UselessAssignment
2    Style/Blocks
2    Style/EmptyLines
2    Style/GuardClause
2    Style/IndentationConsistency
2    Style/SpaceInsideBrackets
1    Lint/BlockAlignment
1    Lint/ShadowingOuterLocalVariable
1    Lint/SpaceBeforeFirstArg
1    Metrics/BlockNesting
1    Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
1    Style/CollectionMethods
1    Style/EmptyLinesAroundBody
1    Style/For
1    Style/MethodName
1    Style/Next
1    Style/RegexpLiteral
1    Style/TrailingComma
--
465  Total
```