rustc: Start "stabilizing" some flags

This commit shuffles around some CLI flags of the compiler to some more stable
locations with some renamings. The changes made were:

* The `-v` flag has been repurposes as the "verbose" flag. The version flag has
  been renamed to `-V`.
* The `-h` screen has been split into two parts. Most top-level options (not
  all) show with `-h`, and the remaining options (generally obscure) can be
  shown with `--help -v` which is a "verbose help screen"
* The `-V` flag (version flag now) has lost its argument as it is now requested
  with `rustc -vV` "verbose version".
* The `--emit` option has had its `ir` and `bc` variants renamed to `llvm-ir`
  and `llvm-bc` to emphasize that they are LLVM's IR/bytecode.
* The `--emit` option has grown a new variant, `dep-info`, which subsumes the
  `--dep-info` CLI argument. The `--dep-info` flag is now deprecated.
* The `--parse-only`, `--no-trans`, and `--no-analysis` flags have
  moved behind the `-Z` family of flags.
* The `--debuginfo` and `--opt-level` flags were moved behind the top-level `-C`
  flag.
* The `--print-file-name` and `--print-crate-name` flags were moved behind one
  global `--print` flag which now accepts one of `crate-name`, `file-names`, or
  `sysroot`. This global `--print` flag is intended to serve as a mechanism for
  learning various metadata about the compiler itself.

No warnings are currently enabled to allow tools like Cargo to have time to
migrate to the new flags before spraying warnings to all users.
Remove feature(import_shadowing) from all crates.
rustc: don't allow(non_camel_case_types) in resolve.
middle: resolve: fix inconsistencies around ExportMap and remove the 2 suffix.
rustc: middle: move DefMap from resolve to def.
rustc: middle: move TraitMap from resolve to ty.
rustc: middle: use cheaper Name in resolve::Export instead of String.
rustc: middle: move Export and ExportMap from resolve to def.
rustc: middle: move TraitItemKind from resolve to def.
rustc: middle: move some types from resolve to privacy.
Split resolve from rustc::middle into rustc_resolve.
rustc_resolve: move unused import checking into its own module.
rustc_resolve: move export recording into its own module.
Fix the fallout of removing feature(import_shadowing).
Fix more import_shadowing fallout in collections.
Fix fallout of removing import_shadowing in tests.
auto merge of #19995 : eddyb/rust/split-resolve, r=nikomatsakis

r? @nikomatsakis
auto merge of #19511 : eddyb/rust/no-shadow, r=alexcrichton

r? @erickt
auto merge of #19900 : alexcrichton/rust/compiler-flags, r=cmr

This commit shuffles around some CLI flags of the compiler to some more stable
locations with some renamings. The changes made were:

* The `-v` flag has been repurposes as the "verbose" flag. The version flag has
  been renamed to `-V`.
* The `-h` screen has been split into two parts. Most top-level options (not
  all) show with `-h`, and the remaining options (generally obscure) can be
  shown with `--help -v` which is a "verbose help screen"
* The `-V` flag (version flag now) has lost its argument as it is now requested
  with `rustc -vV` "verbose version".
* The `--emit` option has had its `ir` and `bc` variants renamed to `llvm-ir`
  and `llvm-bc` to emphasize that they are LLVM's IR/bytecode.
* The `--emit` option has grown a new variant, `dep-info`, which subsumes the
  `--dep-info` CLI argument. The `--dep-info` flag is now deprecated.
* The `--parse-only`, `--no-trans`, `--no-analysis`, and `--pretty` flags have
  moved behind the `-Z` family of flags.
* The `--debuginfo` and `--opt-level` flags were moved behind the top-level `-C`
  flag.
* The `--print-file-name` and `--print-crate-name` flags were moved behind one
  global `--print` flag which now accepts one of `crate-name`, `file-names`, or
  `sysroot`. This global `--print` flag is intended to serve as a mechanism for
  learning various metadata about the compiler itself.
* The top-level `--pretty` flag was moved to a number of `-Z` options.

No warnings are currently enabled to allow tools like Cargo to have time to
migrate to the new flags before spraying warnings to all users.

cc https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/19051
Remove a ton of public reexports

Remove most of the public reexports mentioned in #19253

These are all leftovers from the enum namespacing transition

In particular:

* src/libstd/num/strconv.rs
 * ExponentFormat
 * SignificantDigits
 * SignFormat
* src/libstd/path/windows.rs
 * PathPrefix
* src/libstd/sys/windows/timer.rs
 * Req
* src/libcollections/str.rs
 * MaybeOwned
* src/libstd/collections/hash/map.rs
 * Entry
* src/libstd/collections/hash/table.rs
 * BucketState
* src/libstd/dynamic_lib.rs
 * Rtld
* src/libstd/io/net/ip.rs
 * IpAddr
* src/libstd/os.rs
 * MemoryMapKind
 * MapOption
 * MapError
* src/libstd/sys/common/net.rs
 * SocketStatus
 * InAddr
* src/libstd/sys/unix/timer.rs
 * Req

[breaking-change]