Add support for comdats to the gold plugin.

There are two parts to this. First, the plugin needs to tell gold the comdat by
setting comdat_key.

What gets things a bit more complicated is that gold only seems
symbols. In particular, if A is an alias to B, it only sees the symbols
A and B. It can then ask us to keep symbol A but drop symbol B. What
we have to do instead is to create an internal version of B and make A
an alias to that.

At some point some of this logic should be moved to lib/Linker so that
we don't map a Constant to an internal version just to have lib/Linker
map that again to the destination module.

The reason for implementing this in tools/gold for now is simplicity.
With it in place it should be possible to update clang to use comdats
for constructors and destructors on ELF without breaking the LTO
bootstrap. Once that is done I intend to come back and improve the
interface lib/Linker exposes.