Add doctests for union, diff, sym_diff, and intersection.

Add a rustdoc test for union to exhibit how it is used.

There is already a test for union in the test namespace, but this commit
adds a doctest that will appear in the rustdocs.

Add a doctest for the difference function.

Add a doctest for the symmetric_difference function.

Add a doctest for the intersection function.

Update the union et al. doctests based on @Gankro's comments.

Make the union et al. doctests a bit more readable.