Add and configure karma-ng-html2js-preprocessor

This enables Karma to preprocess and pre-cache HTML templates (in
$templateCache), making them available to directive tests without
the need for an HTTP request (ngMock's $httpBackend does not less us
make Ajax requests easily, even if this were desirable).

See: http://daginge.com/technology/2013/12/14/testing-angular-templates-with-jasmine-and-karma/

Signed-off-by: Alex Coles <alex@alexbcoles.com>
Add initial tests for component directives

Signed-off-by: Alex Coles <alex@alexbcoles.com>