Make some borrow checker errors more user friendly

A mutable and immutable borrow place some restrictions on what you can
with the variable until the borrow ends. This commit attempts to convey
to the user what those restrictions are. Also, if the original borrow is
a mutable borrow, the error message has been changed (more specifically,
i. "cannot borrow `x` as immutable because it is also borrowed as
mutable" and ii. "cannot borrow `x` as mutable more than once" have
been changed to "cannot borrow `x` because it is already borrowed as
mutable").

In addition, this adds a (custom) span note to communicate where the
original borrow ends.
auto merge of #11718 : ktt3ja/rust/borrowck-error-msg, r=pcwalton

A mutable and immutable borrow place some restrictions on what you can
with the variable until the borrow ends. This commit attempts to convey
to the user what those restrictions are. Also, if the original borrow is
a mutable borrow, the error message has been changed (more specifically,
i. "cannot borrow `x` as immutable because it is also borrowed as
mutable" and ii. "cannot borrow `x` as mutable more than once" have
been changed to "cannot borrow `x` because it is already borrowed as
mutable").

In addition, this adds a (custom) span note to communicate where the
original borrow ends.

This is still a WIP (I haven't ran `make check` yet). Since this adds a custom span note, I would like to solicit some tests to check for cases where the span note would perform weirdly. In any case, here's what it looks like right now:

```rust
fn main() {
    match true {
        true => {
            let mut x = 1;
            let y = &x;
            let z = &mut x;
        }
        false => ()
    }
}

test.rs:6:21: 6:27 error: cannot borrow `x` as mutable because it is already borrowed as immutable
test.rs:6             let z = &mut x;
                              ^~~~~~
test.rs:5:21: 5:23 note: previous borrow of `x` occurs here; the immutable borrow prevents subsequent move or mutable borrow using variable `x` until the borrow ends
test.rs:5             let y = &x;
                              ^~
test.rs:3:17: 7:10 note: previous borrow ends here
test.rs:3         true => {
test.rs:4             let mut x = 1;
test.rs:5             let y = &x;
test.rs:6             let z = &mut x;
test.rs:7         }
                  ^
```

```rust
fn foo3(t0: &mut &mut int) {
    let t1 = &mut *t0;
    let p: &int = &**t0;
}

fn main() {}

test.rs:3:19: 3:24 error: cannot borrow `**t0` because it is already borrowed as mutable
test.rs:3     let p: &int = &**t0;
                            ^~~~~
test.rs:2:14: 2:22 note: previous borrow of `**t0` as mutable occurs here; the mutable borrow prevents subsequent move, borrow, or modification using variable `**t0` until the borrow ends.
test.rs:2     let t1 = &mut *t0;
                       ^~~~~~~~
test.rs:1:28: 4:2 note: previous borrow ends here
test.rs:1 fn foo3(t0: &mut &mut int) {
test.rs:2     let t1 = &mut *t0;
test.rs:3     let p: &int = &**t0;
test.rs:4 }
          ^
```

For the "previous borrow ends here" note, if the span is too long (has too many lines), then only the first and last lines are printed, and the middle is replaced with dot dot dot:
```rust
fn foo3(t0: &mut &mut int) {
    let t1 = &mut *t0;
    let p: &int = &**t0;



}

fn main() {}

test.rs:3:19: 3:24 error: cannot borrow `**t0` because it is already borrowed as mutable
test.rs:3     let p: &int = &**t0;
                            ^~~~~
test.rs:2:14: 2:22 note: previous borrow of `**t0` as mutable occurs here; the mutable borrow prevents subsequent move, borrow, or modification using variable `**t0` until the borrow ends.
test.rs:2     let t1 = &mut *t0;
                       ^~~~~~~~
test.rs:1:28: 7:2 note: previous borrow ends here
test.rs:1 fn foo3(t0: &mut &mut int) {
...
test.rs:7 }
          ^
```

(Sidenote: the `custom_span_note` currently also has issue #11715)