HTTP/2 Data Compressor

Motivation:
The HTTP/2 codec currently does not provide an interface to compress data. There is an analogous case to this in the HTTP codec and it is expected to be used commonly enough that it will be beneficial to have the feature in the http2-codec.

Modifications:
- Add a class which extends DefaultHttp2ConnectionEncoder and provides hooks to an EmbeddedChannel
- Add a compressor element to the Http2Stream interface
- Update unit tests to utilize the new feature

Result:
HTTP/2 codec supports data compression.
Minor corrections to Http2 example javadocs.

Motivation:
There are a few very minor issues in the Http2 examples javadoc and
since I don't think that these javadocs are published this is very much
optional to include.

Modifications:
Updated the @see according to [1] to avoid warning when generating
javadocs.

Result:
No warning when generating javadocs.

[1] http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/tooldocs/windows/javadoc.html#@see
Make SslProvider.JDK the default provider for http2 examples using ALPN.

Motivation:
When running the http2 example no SslProvider is specified when calling
SslContext.newServerContext. This may lead to the provider being
determined depending on the availabilty of OpenSsl. But as far as I can
tell the OpenSslServerContext does not support APLN, which is the
protocol configured in the example.
This produces the following error when running the example:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException:
OpenSSL provider does not support ALPN protocol
io.netty.handler.ssl.OpenSslServerContext.toNegotiator(OpenSslServerContext.java:391)
io.netty.handler.ssl.OpenSslServerContext.<init>(OpenSslServerContext.java:117)
io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext.newServerContext(SslContext.java:238)
io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext.newServerContext(SslContext.java:184)
io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext.newServerContext(SslContext.java:124)
io.netty.example.http2.server.Http2Server.main(Http2Server.java:51)

Modifications:
Force SslProvider.JDK when creating the SslContext since the
example is using APLN.

Result:
There is no longer an error if OpenSsl is supported on the platform in
use.
Allow DefaultHttp2Headers to be forced to lowercase.

Motivation:
I came across an issue when I was adding/setting headers and mistakenly
used an upper case header name. When using the http2 example that ships
with Netty this was not an issue. But when working with a browser that
supports http2, in my case I was using Firefox Nightly, I'm guessing
that it interprets the response as invalid in accordance with the
specifiction
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-http2-14#section-8.1.2

"However, header field names MUST be converted to lowercase prior
to their encoding in HTTP/2.  A request or response containing
uppercase header field names MUST be treated as malformed"

This PR suggests converting to lowercase to be the default.

Modifications:
Added a no-args constructor that defaults to forcing the key/name to
lowercase, and providing a second constructor to override this behaviour
if desired.

Result:
It is now possible to specify a header like this:
Http2Headers headers = new DefaultHttp2Headers(true)
    .status(new AsciiString("200"))
    .set(new AsciiString("Testing-Uppercase"), new AsciiString("some value"));

And the header written to the client will then become:
testing-uppercase:"some value"
Handle the interface name in IPv6 address correctly

Motivation:

NetUtil.isValidIpV6Address() handles the interface name in IPv6 address
incorrectly. For example, it returns false for the following addresses:

- ::1%lo
- ::1%_%_in_name_

Modifications:

- Strip the square brackets before validation for simplicity
- Strip the part after the percent sign completely before validation for
  simplicity
- Simplify and reformat NetUtilTest

Result:

- The interface names in IPv6 addresses are handled correctly.
- NetUtilTest is cleaner
Fix checkstyle
Correctly shutdown wrapped Executor in PausableChannelEventExecutor.shutdown()

Motivation:

PausableChannelEventExecutor().shutdown() used to call unwrap().terminationFuture() instead of unwrap.shutdown().
This error was reported by @xfrag in a comment to a commit message [1]. Tyvm.

Modifications:

PausableChannelEventExecutor.shutdown() now correctly invokes unwrap().shutdown() instead of unwrap().terminationFuture().

Result:

Correct code.

[1] https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/220660e351b2a22112b19c4af45e403eab1f73ab#commitcomment-8489643
Rewrite HttpObjectDecoder to make use of proper state machine

Motivation:

HttpObjectDecoder extended ReplayDecoder which is slightly slower then ByteToMessageDecoder.

Modifications:

- Changed super class of HttpObjectDecoder from ReplayDecoder to ByteToMessageDecoder.
- Rewrote decode() method of HttpObjectDecoder to use proper state machine.
- Changed private methods HeaderParser.parse(ByteBuf), readHeaders(ByteBuf) and readTrailingHeaders(ByteBuf), skipControlCharacters(ByteBuf) to consider available bytes.
- Set HeaderParser and LineParser as static inner classes.
- Replaced not safe actualReadableBytes() with buffer.readableBytes().

Result:

Improved performance of HttpObjectDecoder by approximately 177%.
Benchmark for HttpRequestDecoder
Cater for empty response bodies when performing response compression.

Motivation:
RFC 2616, 4.3 Message Body states that:
All 1xx (informational), 204 (no content), and 304 (not modified) responses MUST NOT include a
message-body. All other responses do include a message-body, although it MAY be of zero length.

Modifications:
HttpContentEncoder was previously modified to cater for HTTP 100 responses. This check is enhanced to
include HTTP 204 and 304 responses.

Result:
Empty response bodies will not be modified to include the compression footer. This footer messed with Chrome's
response parsing leading to "hanging" requests.
Fix bug in HTTP/2 outbound flow control

Motivation:

The outbound flow controller logic does not properly reset the allocated
bytes between successive invocations of the priority algorithm.

Modifications:

Updated the priority algorithm to reset the allocated bytes for each
stream.

Result:

Each call to the priority algorithm now starts with zero allocated bytes
for each stream.
Clean up code of HTTP/2 codec

Motivation:

Too many warnings from IntelliJ IDEA code inspector, PMD and FindBugs.

Modifications:

- Removed unnecessary casts, braces, modifiers, imports, throws on methods, etc.
- Added static modifiers where it is possible.
- Fixed incorrect links in javadoc.

Result:

Better code.
Motivation:

Currently the DefaultHttp2InboundFlowController only supports the
ability to turn on and off "window maintenance" for a stream. This is
insufficient for true application-level flow control that may only want
to return a few bytes to flow control at a time.

Modifications:

Removing "window maintenance" interface from
DefaultHttp2InboundFlowController in favor of the new interface.

Created the Http2InboundFlowState interface which extends Http2FlowState
to add the ability to return bytes for a specific stream.

Changed the onDataRead method to return an integer number of bytes that
will be immediately returned to flow control, to support use cases that
want to opt-out of application-level inbound flow control.

Updated DefaultHttp2InboundFlowController to use 2 windows per stream.
The first, "window", is the actual flow control window that is
decremented as soon as data is received. The second "processedWindow"
is a delayed view of "window" that is only decremented after the
application returns the processed bytes. It is processedWindow that is
used when determining when to send a WINDOW_UPDATE to restore part of
the inbound flow control window for the stream/connection.

Result:

The HTTP/2 inbound flow control interfaces support application-level
flow control.
HTTP/2 Priority Algorithm Restructure

Motivation:
The current priority algorithm uses 2 different mechanisms to iterate the priority tree and send the results of the allocation.  The current algorithm also uses a two step phase where the priority tree is traversed and allocation amounts are calculated and then all active streams are traversed to send for any streams that may or may not have been allocated bytes.

Modifications:
- DefaultHttp2OutboundFlowController will allocate and send (when possible) in the same looping structure.
- The recursive method will send only for the children instead of itself and its children which should simplify the recursion.

Result:
Hopefully simplified recursive algorithm where the tree iteration determines who needs to send and less iteration after the recursive calls complete.
Add supporting MQTT 3.1.1

Motivation:

MQTT 3.1.1 became an OASIS Standard at 13 Nov 2014.
http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/mqtt-v3.1.1.html
MQTT 3.1.1 is a minor update of 3.1. But, previous codec-mqtt supported only MQTT 3.1.

Modifications:

- Add protocol name `MQTT` with previous `MQIsdp` for `CONNECT`’s variable header.
- Update client identifier validation for 3.1 with 3.1.1.
- Add `FAILURE (0x80)` for `SUBACK`’s new error code.
- Add a test for encode/decode `CONNECT` of 3.1.1.

Result:

MqttEncoder/MqttDecoder can encode/decode frames of 3.1 or 3.1.1.
SPDY: add support for pushed resources in SpdyHttpDecoder

Motivation:

The SPDY/3.1 spec does not adequate describe how to push resources
from the server. This was solidified in the HTTP/2 drafts by dividing
the push into two frames, a PushPromise containing the request,
followed by a Headers frame containing the response.

Modifications:

This commit modifies the SpdyHttpDecoder to support pushed resources
that are divided into multiple frames. The decoder will accept a
pushed SpdySynStreamFrame containing the request headers, followed by
a SpdyHeadersFrame containing the response headers.

Result:

The SpdyHttpDecoder will create an HttpRequest object followed by an
HttpResponse object when receiving pushed resources.
Fixing HTTP/2 processed byte accounting during exception

Motivation:
Currently when an exception occurs during a listener.onDataRead
callback, we return all bytes as processed. However, the listener may
choose to return bytes via the InboundFlowState object rather than
returning the integer. If the listener returns a few bytes and then
throws, we will attempt to return too many bytes.

Modifications:
Added InboundFlowState.unProcessedBytes() to indicate how many
unprocessed bytes are outstanding.

Updated DefaultHttp2ConnectionDecoder to compare the unprocessed bytes
before and after the listener.onDataRead callback when an exception was
encountered.  If there is a difference, it is subtracted off the total
processed bytes to be returned to the flow controller.

Result:
HTTP/2 data frame delivery properly accounts for processed bytes through
an exception.
Add more test cases to ZlibTest

Motivation:

Currently, we only test our ZlibEncoders against our ZlibDecoders. It is
convenient to write such tests, but it does not necessarily guarantee
their correctness. For example, both encoder and decoder might be faulty
even if the tests pass.

Modifications:

Add another test that makes sure that our GZIP encoder generates the
GZIP trailer, using the fact that GZIPInputStream raises an EOFException
when GZIP trailer is missing.

Result:

More coverage for GZIP compression
Revert bad renaming in ZlibTest
HTTP/2 Decompress Flow Control

Motivation:
The current decompression frame listener currently opts-out of application level flow control. The application should still be able to control flow control even if decompression is in use.

Modifications:
- DecompressorFrameListener will maintain how many compressed bytes, decompressed bytes, and processed by the listener bytes.  A ratio will be used to translate these values into application level flow control amount.

Result:
HTTP/2 decompressor delegates the application level flow control to the listener processing the decompressed data.