Optimize common path of Once::doit

Submitting PR again, because I cannot reopen #13349, and github does not attach new patch to that PR. 

=======

Optimize Once::doit: perform optimistic check that initializtion is
already completed.  Load is much cheaper than fetch_add, at least
on x86_64.

Verified with this test:

```
static mut o: one::Once = one::ONCE_INIT;
unsafe {
    loop {
        let start = time::precise_time_ns();
        let iters = 50000000u64;
        for _ in range(0, iters) {
            o.doit(|| { println!("once!"); });
        }
        let end = time::precise_time_ns();
        let ps_per_iter = 1000 * (end - start) / iters;
        println!("{} ps per iter", ps_per_iter);

        // confuse the optimizer
        o.doit(|| { println!("once!"); });
    }
}
```

Test executed on Mac, Intel Core i7 2GHz. Result is:
*  20ns per iteration without patch
*   4ns per iteration with this patch applied
* 800ps per iteration when doit function is split into doit/doit_slow, and doit is #[inline]

Inlineable `doit` looks like this:

```
#[inline(always)]
pub fn doit(&self, f: ||) {
    // Optimize common path: load is much cheaper than fetch_add.
    if self.cnt.load(atomics::SeqCst) < 0 {
        return
    }

    self.doit_slow(f);
}

fn doit_slow(&self, f: ||) { ... }
```