More work on the JSON/JSONB user documentation.

Document existence operator adequately; fix obsolete claim that no
Unicode-escape semantic checks happen on input (it's still true for
json, but not for jsonb); improve examples; assorted wordsmithing.
Rename min_recovery_apply_delay to recovery_min_apply_delay.

Per discussion, this seems like a more consistent choice of name.

Fabrízio de Royes Mello, after a suggestion by Peter Eisentraut;
some additional documentation wordsmithing by me
docs:  Mark 9.4 release notes as current as of today
Translation updates
Rename jsonb_hash_ops to jsonb_path_ops.

There's no longer much pressure to switch the default GIN opclass for
jsonb, but there was still some unhappiness with the name "jsonb_hash_ops",
since hashing is no longer a distinguishing property of that opclass,
and anyway it seems like a relatively minor detail.  At the suggestion of
Heikki Linnakangas, we'll use "jsonb_path_ops" instead; that captures the
important characteristic that each index entry depends on the entire path
from the document root to the indexed value.

Also add a user-facing explanation of the implementation properties of
these two opclasses.
Find postgresql.auto.conf in PGDATA even when postgresql.conf is elsewhere.

The original coding for ALTER SYSTEM made a fundamentally bogus assumption
that postgresql.auto.conf could be sought relative to the main config file
if we hadn't yet determined the value of data_directory.  This fails for
common arrangements with the config file elsewhere, as reported by
Christoph Berg.

The simplest fix is to not try to read postgresql.auto.conf until after
SelectConfigFiles has chosen (and locked down) the data_directory setting.

Because of the logic in ProcessConfigFile for handling resetting of GUCs
that've been removed from the config file, we cannot easily read the main
and auto config files separately; so this patch adopts a brute force
approach of reading the main config file twice during postmaster startup.
That's a tad ugly, but the actual time cost is likely to be negligible,
and there's no time for a more invasive redesign before beta.

With this patch, any attempt to set data_directory via ALTER SYSTEM
will be silently ignored.  It would probably be better to throw an
error, but that can be dealt with later.  This bug, however, would
prevent any testing of ALTER SYSTEM by a significant fraction of the
userbase, so it seems important to get it fixed before beta.
Stamp 9.4beta1.
Free PQresult on error in pg_receivexlog.

The leak is fairly small and rare, but a leak nevertheless.

Per Coverity report. Backpatch to 9.2, where pg_receivexlog was added.
pg_basebackup shares the code, but it always exits on error, so there is
no real leak.
Fix typo in test_shm_mq document.

Amit Langote
Ignore config.pl and buildenv.pl in src/tools/msvc.

config.pl and buildenv.pl can be used to customize build settings when
using MSVC.  They should never get committed into the common source tree.

Back-patch to 9.0; it looks like the rules were different in 8.4.

Michael Paquier
Be more wary in choice of timezone names to test make_timestamptz with.

America/Metlakatla hasn't been in the IANA database all that long, so
some installations might not have it.  It does seem worthwhile to test
with a fractional-minute GMT offset, but we can get that from almost
any pre-1900 date; I chose Europe/Paris, whose LMT offset from Greenwich
should be pretty darn well established.

Also, assuming that Mars/Mons_Olympus will never be in the IANA database
seems less than future-proof, so let's use a more fanciful location for
the bad-zone-name check.

Per complaint from Christoph Berg.
doc: 9.4 release note adjustments

Report by Nicolas Barbier, Tatsuo Ishii, MauMau
docs:  use structfield instead of structname in 9.4 release notes

Where appropriate
Add Valgrind suppression for reorderbuffer padding bytes.

Andres Freund
Initialize padding bytes in btree_gist varbit support.

The code expands a varbit gist leaf key to a node key by copying the bit
data twice in a varlen datum, as both the lower and upper key. The lower key
was expanded to INTALIGN size, but the padding bytes were not initialized.
That's a problem because when the lower/upper keys are compared, the padding
bytes are used compared too, when the values are otherwise equal. That could
lead to incorrect query results.

REINDEX is advised for any btree_gist indexes on bit or bit varying data
type, to fix any garbage padding bytes on disk.

Per Valgrind, reported by Andres Freund. Backpatch to all supported
versions.
Fix harmless access to uninitialized memory.

When cache invalidations arrive while ri_LoadConstraintInfo() is busy
filling a new cache entry, InvalidateConstraintCacheCallBack() compares
the - not yet initialized - oidHashValue field with the to-be-invalidated
hash value. To fix, check whether the entry is already marked as invalid.

Andres Freund
docs:  9.4 release notes adjustments

Patch by Andres Freund, slight adjustments by me
doc:  auto-updatable view adjustments for 9.4 release notes

Report by Dean Rasheed
docs:  mention windows quoting change in 9.4 release notes

Report by Heikki Linnakangas
Make initdb throw error for bad locale values.

Historically we've printed a complaint for a bad locale setting, but then
fallen back to the environment default.  Per discussion, this is not such
a great idea, because rectifying an erroneous locale choice post-initdb
(perhaps long after data has been loaded) could be enormously expensive.
Better to complain and give the user a chance to double-check things.

The behavior was particularly bad if the bad setting came from environment
variables rather than a bogus command-line switch: in that case not only
was there a fallback to C/SQL_ASCII, but the printed complaint was quite
unhelpful.  It's hard to be entirely sure what variables setlocale looked
at, but we can at least give a hint where the problem might be.

Per a complaint from Tomas Vondra.