Fix for installation of desktop file

Continues  #2630
Fixes #2647
Installs desktop file with respect to `INSTALL_PREFIX`.
* `sudo script/grunt install` will install `Atom.desktop` to `/usr/local/share/applications` instead of `/usr/share/applications/`
* When a custom `INSTALL_PREFIX` is set the user will have to install the desktop file manually by copying `$INSTALL_PREFIX/share/applications/Atom.desktop` to `/usr/local/share/applications`
* Fix when `INSTALL_PREFIX` ends with `/`
Why check for `/tmp`? If you just don't want the `install` task to create desktop file when running `mkdeb` task, you should move all the code of generating desktop file and icon from `mkdeb` task to `install` task instead.