SPARK-2380: Support displaying accumulator values in the web UI

This patch adds support for giving accumulators user-visible names and displaying accumulator values in the web UI. This allows users to create custom counters that can display in the UI. The current approach displays both the accumulator deltas caused by each task and a "current" value of the accumulator totals for each stage, which gets update as tasks finish.

Currently in Spark developers have been extending the `TaskMetrics` functionality to provide custom instrumentation for RDD's. This provides a potentially nicer alternative of going through the existing accumulator framework (actually `TaskMetrics` and accumulators are on an awkward collision course as we add more features to the former). The current patch demo's how we can use the feature to provide instrumentation for RDD input sizes. The nice thing about going through accumulators is that users can read the current value of the data being tracked in their programs. This could be useful to e.g. decide to short-circuit a Spark stage depending on how things are going.

![counters](https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/320616/3488815/6ee7bc34-0505-11e4-84ce-e36d9886e2cf.png)

Can this be moved to a method on the Accumulators companion object or something?  These details about AccumulableInfo, prettyPartialValues, etc. aren't things that need to appear in the DAGScheduler.