Improve the `PhabricatorInfrastructureTestCase` unit tests

Summary:
Improve the `PhabricatorInfrastructureTestCase` unit tests such that they will fail if any of the following conditions are satisfied:

- A symbol referenced in the `__phutil_library_map__.php` file no longer exists.
- A symbol exists in the library but is not referenced within the `__phutil_library_map__.php` file.
- A symbol extends from a different parent symbol than that declared in the `__phutil_library_map.php` file.

Test Plan: See D9824.

Reviewers: #blessed_reviewers, epriestley

Reviewed By: #blessed_reviewers, epriestley

Subscribers: epriestley, Korvin

Differential Revision: https://secure.phabricator.com/D9827