PIM-3359 : re-work the attribute type registry

Re-work the legacy code of attribute type factory to make it more understandable (replace by a registry), remove dead code and add specs
| Q                    | A
| -------------------- | ---
| Bug fix?             | N
| New feature?         | N
| BC breaks?           | Y
| CI currently passes? | Y
| Tests pass?          | Y
| Scenarios pass?      | Y
| Checkstyle issues?*  | N
| PMD issues?**        | N
| Changelog updated?   | Y
| Fixed tickets        | PIM-3359
| DB schema updated?   |
| Migration script?    |
| Doc PR               |