Add --rerun flag to tests

There are some rather hard to track down bugs that depend on the value of `PYTHONHASHSEED` and `seed` in the test suite.  Furthermore, the hash values at which these errors occur are platform dependent which can make it difficult to debug.  This recently happened in #7920.

To fix this, this PR adds a `--rerun X` flag to the sympy testing utilities which will rerun the tests  X number of times or until the first error occurs.

Some examples:
```bash
$ bin/test sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py -k test_meijerint --rerun 2
============================== test process starts ==============================
executable:         /home/ptb/miniconda3/bin/python  (3.4.1-final-0) [CPython]
architecture:       64-bit
cache:              yes
ground types:       python 
random seed:        47298970
hash randomization: on (PYTHONHASHSEED=305866206)

sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py[2] ..                                [OK]

================== tests finished: 2 passed, in 19.47 seconds ===================
============================== test process starts ==============================
executable:         /home/ptb/miniconda3/bin/python  (3.4.1-final-0) [CPython]
architecture:       64-bit
cache:              yes
ground types:       python 
random seed:        48144300
hash randomization: on (PYTHONHASHSEED=669950142)

sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py[2] ..                                [OK]

================== tests finished: 2 passed, in 19.36 seconds ===================
============================== test process starts ==============================
executable:         /home/ptb/miniconda3/bin/python  (3.4.1-final-0) [CPython]
architecture:       64-bit
cache:              yes
ground types:       python 
random seed:        3733409
hash randomization: on (PYTHONHASHSEED=917857309)

sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py[2] ..                                [OK]

================== tests finished: 2 passed, in 19.11 seconds ===================
```
Note that the total number if runs in X+1

Here's an example where a failure ends the rerunning

```bash
$ bin/test sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py -k test_meijerint --rerun 20
============================== test process starts ==============================
executable:         /home/ptb/miniconda3/envs/py27/bin/python  (2.7.8-final-0) [CPython]
architecture:       64-bit
cache:              yes
ground types:       python 
random seed:        6221742
hash randomization: on (PYTHONHASHSEED=3801313532)

sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py[2] ..                                [OK]

================== tests finished: 2 passed, in 18.69 seconds ===================
============================== test process starts ==============================
executable:         /home/ptb/miniconda3/envs/py27/bin/python  (2.7.8-final-0) [CPython]
architecture:       64-bit
cache:              yes
ground types:       python 
random seed:        4434697
hash randomization: on (PYTHONHASHSEED=3630275914)

sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py[2] ..                                [OK]

================== tests finished: 2 passed, in 18.83 seconds ===================
============================== test process starts ==============================
executable:         /home/ptb/miniconda3/envs/py27/bin/python  (2.7.8-final-0) [CPython]
architecture:       64-bit
cache:              yes
ground types:       python 
random seed:        75486063
hash randomization: on (PYTHONHASHSEED=881575022)

sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py[2] ..                                [OK]

================== tests finished: 2 passed, in 18.63 seconds ===================
============================== test process starts ==============================
executable:         /home/ptb/miniconda3/envs/py27/bin/python  (2.7.8-final-0) [CPython]
architecture:       64-bit
cache:              yes
ground types:       python 
random seed:        30255244
hash randomization: on (PYTHONHASHSEED=1495287681)

sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py[2] ..                                [OK]

================== tests finished: 2 passed, in 19.05 seconds ===================
============================== test process starts ==============================
executable:         /home/ptb/miniconda3/envs/py27/bin/python  (2.7.8-final-0) [CPython]
architecture:       64-bit
cache:              yes
ground types:       python 
random seed:        92757879
hash randomization: on (PYTHONHASHSEED=3730556679)

sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py[2] ..                                [OK]

================== tests finished: 2 passed, in 18.66 seconds ===================
============================== test process starts ==============================
executable:         /home/ptb/miniconda3/envs/py27/bin/python  (2.7.8-final-0) [CPython]
architecture:       64-bit
cache:              yes
ground types:       python 
random seed:        41061280
hash randomization: on (PYTHONHASHSEED=3125210523)

sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py[2] .E                              [FAIL]

_________________________________________________________________________________
____________ sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py:test_meijerint _____________
  File "/home/ptb/gitrepos/sympy/sympy/integrals/tests/test_meijerint.py", line 148, in test_meijerint
    assert expand(meijerint_definite(exp(x), x, 0, I)[0]) == exp(I) - 1
  File "sympy/integrals/meijerint.py", line 1795, in meijerint_definite
    res = _meijerint_definite_2(f, x)
  File "sympy/integrals/meijerint.py", line 1852, in _meijerint_definite_2
    res = _meijerint_definite_3(g, x)
  File "sympy/integrals/meijerint.py", line 1864, in _meijerint_definite_3
    res = _meijerint_definite_4(f, x)
  File "sympy/integrals/meijerint.py", line 1944, in _meijerint_definite_4
    return _my_unpolarify(hyperexpand(res)), cond
  File "sympy/simplify/hyperexpand.py", line 2482, in hyperexpand
    return f.replace(hyper, do_replace).replace(meijerg, do_meijer)
  File "sympy/core/basic.py", line 1351, in replace
    rv = bottom_up(self, rec_replace, atoms=True)
  File "sympy/simplify/simplify.py", line 4077, in bottom_up
    for a in rv.args])
  File "sympy/simplify/simplify.py", line 4080, in bottom_up
    rv = F(rv)
  File "sympy/core/basic.py", line 1336, in rec_replace
    new = _value(expr, result)
  File "sympy/core/basic.py", line 1280, in <lambda>
    _value = lambda expr, result: value(*expr.args)
  File "sympy/simplify/hyperexpand.py", line 2479, in do_meijer
    allow_hyper, rewrite=rewrite)
  File "sympy/simplify/hyperexpand.py", line 2367, in _meijergexpand
    slater1, cond1 = do_slater(func.an, func.bm, func.ap, func.bq, z, z0)
  File "sympy/simplify/hyperexpand.py", line 2303, in do_slater
    t, premult, bh, rewrite=None)
  File "sympy/simplify/hyperexpand.py", line 2068, in _hyperexpand
    return powdenest(r, polar=True).replace(hyper, hyperexpand_special)
  File "sympy/simplify/simplify.py", line 2442, in powdenest
    eq, rep = polarify(eq)
  File "sympy/simplify/simplify.py", line 2166, in polarify
    eq = _polarify(sympify(eq), lift)
  File "sympy/simplify/simplify.py", line 2101, in _polarify
    return polar_lift(eq)
  File "sympy/core/function.py", line 375, in __new__
    result = super(Function, cls).__new__(cls, *args, **options)
  File "sympy/core/function.py", line 199, in __new__
    evaluated = cls.eval(*args)
  File "sympy/functions/elementary/complexes.py", line 651, in eval
    ar = argument(arg)
  File "sympy/core/function.py", line 375, in __new__
    result = super(Function, cls).__new__(cls, *args, **options)
  File "sympy/core/function.py", line 199, in __new__
    evaluated = cls.eval(*args)
  File "sympy/functions/elementary/complexes.py", line 487, in eval
    sign(a) for a in arg_.args])
  File "sympy/core/function.py", line 379, in __new__
    pr = max(cls._should_evalf(a) for a in result.args)
  File "sympy/core/function.py", line 379, in <genexpr>
    pr = max(cls._should_evalf(a) for a in result.args)
  File "sympy/core/function.py", line 398, in _should_evalf
    re, im = arg.as_real_imag()
  File "sympy/core/add.py", line 701, in as_real_imag
    re, im = term.as_real_imag(deep=deep)
  File "sympy/functions/elementary/exponential.py", line 330, in as_real_imag
    return (exp(re)*cos, exp(re)*sin)
  File "sympy/core/decorators.py", line 77, in __sympifyit_wrapper
    return func(a, b)
  File "sympy/core/decorators.py", line 118, in binary_op_wrapper
    return func(self, other)
  File "sympy/core/expr.py", line 127, in __mul__
    return Mul(self, other)
  File "sympy/core/operations.py", line 41, in __new__
    c_part, nc_part, order_symbols = cls.flatten(args)
  File "sympy/core/mul.py", line 415, in flatten
    c_part.append(Pow(b, e))
  File "sympy/core/power.py", line 170, in __new__
    elif e.is_integer and _coeff_isneg(b):
  File "sympy/core/assumptions.py", line 135, in getit
    return _ask(fact, self)
  File "sympy/core/assumptions.py", line 178, in _ask
    a = evaluate(obj)
  File "sympy/core/mul.py", line 986, in _eval_is_integer
    is_rational = self.is_rational
  File "sympy/core/assumptions.py", line 135, in getit
    return _ask(fact, self)
  File "sympy/core/assumptions.py", line 188, in _ask
    _ask(pk, obj)
  File "sympy/core/assumptions.py", line 188, in _ask
    _ask(pk, obj)
  File "sympy/core/assumptions.py", line 188, in _ask
    _ask(pk, obj)
  File "sympy/core/assumptions.py", line 180, in _ask
    assumptions.deduce_all_facts(((fact, a),))
  File "sympy/core/facts.py", line 506, in deduce_all_facts
    if not self._tell(k, v) or v is None:
  File "sympy/core/facts.py", line 477, in _tell
    raise InconsistentAssumptions(self, k, v)
InconsistentAssumptions: {
	commutative: True,
	complex: True,
	composite: False,
	even: False,
	hermitian: True,
	imaginary: False,
	integer: False,
	irrational: True,
	negative: False,
	noninteger: True,
	nonzero: True,
	odd: False,
	positive: False,
	prime: False,
	rational: False,
	real: True,
	zero: False}, negative=True

=========== tests finished: 1 passed, 1 exceptions, in 10.40 seconds ============
DO *NOT* COMMIT!
```


Perhaps, we can print this `i` value, just to show the progress?