General changes pulled from the Bukkit repository

These changes shouldn't break glowstone if pulled, but should be implemented as required. This PR is simply opened as a reminder to myself that these changes exist until pulled.

Credit to:
- ~~[Bukkit #1070](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/1070)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#36
- ~~[Bukkit #765](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/765)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#42
- ~~[Bukkit #1051](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/1051)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#43
- ~~[Bukkit #777](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/777)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#44
- ~~[Bukkit #785](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/785)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#37
- ~~[Bukkit #840](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/840)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#45
- ~~[Bukkit #873](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/873)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#38
- ~~[Bukkit #1022](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/1022)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#39
- ~~[Bukkit #1002](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/1002)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#40
- ~~[Bukkit #1039](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/1039)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#46
- ~~[Bukkit #827](https://github.com/Bukkit/Bukkit/pull/827)~~ New PR: GlowstoneMC/Glowkit#41

Thank you to everyone who has contributed. Sorry if you PR wasn't pulled in Bukkit :(

Contributors: 
- @KodekPL
- @mcmonkey4eva
- @gmcferrin
- @zaiyers
- @YLivay
- @EdGruberman
- @shinyquagsire23 
- @Aaron1011
- @Ribesg