Created basic program layout.

Created the basic layout for the calculator program. This includes
the global stack, and basic error handling functions common to
every application.

* main.cpp - Added usage() and error() functions. Added argc check.
  Added global stack.
Created full argument parser

Added the ability to parse arbitrary command line arguments in an
arbitrary order to the application.

Added --version argument and message.

Added --debug argument and option.

Added log() utility funtion.

* main.cpp - Implemented command line argument parser.
Reorganized project

Moved utility functions to utility.h/utility.cpp and moved global
constants to constants.h. This removes unneccessary bloat from
the main file, and cleans up the project considerably.

* Makefile - Updated build instructions to relfect file refactoring.

* constants.h - Containts all global constants. Right now, these are
  VERSION_MAJOR, VERSION_MINOR, and VERSION_REV.

* deliverables/log.md - Logged all changes.

* main.cpp - Removed unneccesary functions and constants and placed
  them into more appropriate files.

* utility.h - Created a header for the various utility funtions.

* utility.cpp - Moved the implementation of the utility functions,
  specifically log(), error(), usage(), help(), and version() here.
Merge branch 'args' into develop
Merge branch 'develop'