Add an emplace(...) method to llvm::Optional<T>.

This can be used for in-place initialization of non-moveable types.
For compilers that don't support variadic templates, only up to four
arguments are supported. We can always add more, of course, but this
should be good enough until we move to a later MSVC that has full
support for variadic templates.

Inspired by std::experimental::optional from the "Library Fundamentals" C++ TS.
Reviewed by David Blaikie.