ENH: added parameter to use periodic x-coordinates

Using the example given in the current `np.interp()` and changing the intervals to be interpolated to:

    xvals = np.linspace(-np.pi, +np.pi, 50)

will lead to the following result:

![figure_3](https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/3889819/4417109/b4c39028-454e-11e4-801f-cbe59c244e3b.png)

note how the proposed enhancement allows a proper interpolation. The only change is the addition of a `period` parameter:

    yinterp_new = interp(xvals, x, y, period=2*np.pi)

See what's being done in the old code: if the original `x` was a single value, you should return a scalar, not an array. Probably set to True a boolean flag when you check if the input is a number, and sue it here to return this or add a `.item()` as above.