kernel:sched: LOAD_FREQ (4*HZ+61) avoids loadavg Moire

LOAD_FREQ is (5*HZ+1) to avoid high load average when idle:
http://kerneltrap.org/mailarchive/linux-kernel/2007/10/3/328568

I suggest (4*HZ+61) for a better distribution.

With some seconds based load (like SSL heartbeats)
and LOAD_FREQ at (5*HZ+1) I see Moire patterns like inverse sawtooth,
since 2 or 3 probes hit the jobs (load increases quickly),
followed by several probes missing it.

A 4.61 sec interval gives optimal distribution over when within a
second a probe is taken, as .61 is close to golden ratio phi 1.618...
(test in http://ripke.com/goldenratio.c).

12*4.61 = 55.32 secs is still close to a minute,
and 13*4.61=59.93 is even closer than the current 12*5.01=60.12
(with exponents EXP_x adjusted to a ratio of 13 instead of 12).
config: Remove unused MEDIA_TUNER option

Signed-off-by: Stratos Karafotis <stratosk@semaphore.gr>
cpufreq: Manage Online CPU's only
ext4: speed up truncate/unlink by not using bforget() unless needed
Do not iterate over data blocks scanning for bh's to forget as they're
never exist. This improves time taken by unlink / truncate syscall.
Tested by continuously truncating file that is being written by dd.
Another test is rm -rf of linux tree while tar unpacks it. With
ordered data mode condition unlikely(!tbh) was always met in
ext4_free_blocks. With journal data mode tbh was found only few times,
so optimisation is also possible.

Unlinking fallocated 60G file after doing sync && echo 3 >
/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches && time rm --help

X86 before (linux 3.6-rc4):
real    0m2.710s
user    0m0.000s
sys     0m1.530s

X86 after:
real    0m0.644s
user    0m0.003s
sys     0m0.060s

MIPS before (linux 2.6.37):
real    0m 4.93s
user    0m 0.00s
sys     0m 4.61s

MIPS after:
real    0m 0.16s
user    0m 0.00s
sys     0m 0.06s

Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Sidorov <qrxd43@motorola.com>
Signed-off-by: Jean Francis Dominique S. Mabalot <jfdsmabalot@redhat.com>
writeback: fix occasional slow sync && fix race that cause writeback hung
1) fix occasional slow sync

In case when system contains no dirty pages, wakeup_flusher_threads() will
submit WB_SYNC_NONE writeback for 0 pages so wb_writeback() exits
immediately without doing anything, even though there are dirty inodes in
the system.  Thus sync(1) will write all the dirty inodes from a
WB_SYNC_ALL writeback pass which is slow.

Fix the problem by using get_nr_dirty_pages() in wakeup_flusher_threads()
instead of calculating number of dirty pages manually.  That function also
takes number of dirty inodes into account.

Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Paul Taysom <taysom@chromium.org>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

2) fix race that cause writeback hung

There is a race between mark inode dirty and writeback thread, see the
following scenario.  In this case, writeback thread will not run though
there is dirty_io.

__mark_inode_dirty()                                          bdi_writeback_workfn()
	...                                                       	...
	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
	...
	if (bdi_cap_writeback_dirty(bdi)) {
	    <<< assume wb has dirty_io, so wakeup_bdi is false.
	    <<< the following inode_dirty also have wakeup_bdi false.
	    if (!wb_has_dirty_io(&bdi->wb))
		    wakeup_bdi = true;
	}
	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
	                                                            <<< assume last dirty_io is removed here.
	                                                            pages_written = wb_do_writeback(wb);
	                                                            ...
	                                                            <<< work_list empty and wb has no dirty_io,
	                                                            <<< delayed_work will not be queued.
	                                                            if (!list_empty(&bdi->work_list) ||
	                                                                (wb_has_dirty_io(wb) && dirty_writeback_interval))
	                                                                queue_delayed_work(bdi_wq, &wb->dwork,
	                                                                    msecs_to_jiffies(dirty_writeback_interval * 10));
	spin_lock(&bdi->wb.list_lock);
	inode->dirtied_when = jiffies;
	<<< new dirty_io is added.
	list_move(&inode->i_wb_list, &bdi->wb.b_dirty);
	spin_unlock(&bdi->wb.list_lock);

	<<< though there is dirty_io, but wakeup_bdi is false,
	<<< so writeback thread will not be waked up and
	<<< the new dirty_io will not be flushed.
	if (wakeup_bdi)
	    bdi_wakeup_thread_delayed(bdi);

Writeback will run until there is a new flush work queued.  This may cause
a lot of dirty pages stay in memory for a long time.

Signed-off-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Squashed:
Signed-off-by: Jean Francis Dominique S. Mabalot <jfdsmabalot@redhat.com>