SPARK-2685. Update ExternalAppendOnlyMap to avoid buffer.remove()

Replaces this with an O(1) operation that does not have to shift over
the whole tail of the array into the gap produced by the element removed.

Author: Matei Zaharia <matei@databricks.com>

Closes #1773 from mateiz/SPARK-2685 and squashes the following commits:

1ea028a [Matei Zaharia] Update comments in StreamBuffer and EAOM, and reuse ArrayBuffers
eb1abfd [Matei Zaharia] Update ExternalAppendOnlyMap to avoid buffer.remove()
SPARK-2711. Create a ShuffleMemoryManager to track memory for all spilling collections

This tracks memory properly if there are multiple spilling collections in the same task (which was a problem before), and also implements an algorithm that lets each thread grow up to 1 / 2N of the memory pool (where N is the number of threads) before spilling, which avoids an inefficiency with small spills we had before (some threads would spill many times at 0-1 MB because the pool was allocated elsewhere).

Author: Matei Zaharia <matei@databricks.com>

Closes #1707 from mateiz/spark-2711 and squashes the following commits:

debf75b [Matei Zaharia] Review comments
24f28f3 [Matei Zaharia] Small rename
c8f3a8b [Matei Zaharia] Update ShuffleMemoryManager to be able to partially grant requests
315e3a5 [Matei Zaharia] Some review comments
b810120 [Matei Zaharia] Create central manager to track memory for all spilling collections
[SPARK-2857] Correct properties to set Master / Worker ports

`master.ui.port` and `worker.ui.port` were never picked up by SparkConf, simply because they are not prefixed with "spark." Unfortunately, this is also currently the documented way of setting these values.

Author: Andrew Or <andrewor14@gmail.com>

Closes #1779 from andrewor14/master-worker-port and squashes the following commits:

8475e95 [Andrew Or] Update docs to reflect changes in configs
4db3d5d [Andrew Or] Stop using configs that don't actually work
[SPARK-1779] Throw an exception if memory fractions are not between 0 and 1

Author: wangfei <scnbwf@yeah.net>
Author: wangfei <wangfei1@huawei.com>

Closes #714 from scwf/memoryFraction and squashes the following commits:

6e385b9 [wangfei] Update SparkConf.scala
da6ee59 [wangfei] add configs
829a195 [wangfei] add indent
717c0ca [wangfei] updated to make more concise
fc45476 [wangfei] validate memoryfraction in sparkconf
2e79b3d [wangfei] && => ||
43621bd [wangfei] && => ||
cf38bcf [wangfei] throw IllegalArgumentException
14d18ac [wangfei] throw IllegalArgumentException
dff1f0f [wangfei] Update BlockManager.scala
764965f [wangfei] Update ExternalAppendOnlyMap.scala
a59d76b [wangfei] Throw exception when memoryFracton is out of range
7b899c2 [wangfei] 【SPARK-1779】
[SPARK-2856] Decrease initial buffer size for Kryo to 64KB.

Author: Reynold Xin <rxin@apache.org>

Closes #1780 from rxin/kryo-init-size and squashes the following commits:

551b935 [Reynold Xin] [SPARK-2856] Decrease initial buffer size for Kryo to 64KB.