Merge pull request #15584 from jamesyang124/issue_15382

ActiveRecord::FinderMethods.find doesn't pass proc parameter to array

Manual merge of #15584.

Closes #15584.

Conflicts:
	activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
	activerecord/test/cases/finder_test.rb
docs, refactor docs about column modifiers. [ci skip] [Matthew Draper & Yves Senn]

This is a follow up to #15602 which rendered the guides in a weird state:

  >  You can also specify some options just after the field type between curly
     braces. You can use the following modifiers:

  >  `null`         Allows or disallows `NULL` values in the column.

  >  NOTE: `null` and `default` cannot be specified via command line.

The modifiers are now moved into a separate section. The generator
simply referes to that section.

Related to #15583.

/cc @JuanitoFatas

Conflicts:
	guides/source/migrations.md
docs, backport "Changing Columns" section in migration guide. [ci skip]