(PUP-3302) Fix Puppet Resource

@jpartlow and I paired on this issue.
Before this commit when using puppet resource with any resource that
went through the ral and needed a real environment would fail since the
default behaviour of Puppet::Resource::Catalog#initialize was to create
a new catalog used the None environment. In places where we were
performing `Puppet.lookup(:environments).get` on the None environment
puppet would fail, causing the none environment not found error to be
raised.

This commit changes the default behavior of Puppet::Resource::Ral#save
to create a catalog with the `current_environment` that is setup at
application initialization instead of the none environment. It also
makes `default_file_terminus` set to `file_server` in
`Puppet::Application::Resource` to make `puppet resource` act like
`puppet apply`.

We wanted to make sure that this change was not going to harm any other
parts of the puppet codebase and at least in puppet the ral is only used
when using `puppet resource`. We do not believe that it will have any
adverse effects anywhere else.