Logging api

Reviewers:  @bernerdschaefer, @peterbourgon 

First pass at the internals of the logging API.  This is two layers thick.  There is a RingBuffer for log messages, and on top of this is a data structure that implements storage for and operations for each container.  (The RingBuffer probably should have been a separate submit.)

The next piece to be worked on will be the HTTP logging interface.
Let's profile this and make sure the reflection isn't going to be a problem... I think it may make sense to copy the generic ring buffer implementation, and paste it as a concrete implementation over `string`s.