Simplify pointer comparisons involving memory allocation functions

System memory allocation functions, which are identified at the IR level by the
noalias attribute on the return value, must return a pointer into a memory region
disjoint from any other memory accessible to the caller. We can use this
property to simplify pointer comparisons between allocated memory and local
stack addresses and the addresses of global variables. Neither the stack nor
global variables can overlap with the region used by the memory allocator.

Fixes PR21556.