Fix simple lint warnings

- Converted a bunch of double quotes to single quotes
- aligned hash rockets
- switched to explicit global scope in a bunch of places (e.g. $operatingsystem to $::operatingsystem) to satisfy puppet-lint warnings.

Most rake lint warnings after this change are about undocumented classes and and "selector inside resource block" as well as a few case statements without default cases. Also re-did a few changes removing monitor.pp to avoid merge conflicts with master.