Fix for #1277 - Add Options/Startup API for WebAPI shim

Adds an options class, as well as a default options setup that will
configure the default set of formatters.

Currently most of what options needs to do is a placeholder, but it later
do things like add ApplicationModelConventions, filters, formatters, model
binders, etc. Those will be added in follow up items.
Fix #1276 - Implement WebAPI action conventions and overloading

This change adds ApplicationModel conventions that can enable WebAPI
action conventions (verb mapping) and WebAPI overloading.

The conventions activate when a controller has a marker attribute.
ApiController has this attribute, so any ported code will automatically
opt-in.

Also ported some old tests for action selection to our new functional test
framework.