fix broken links in README.md

seems like `building-spark.html` was renamed to `building-with-maven.html`?

Is Maven the blessed build tool these days, or SBT? I couldn't find a building-with-sbt page so I went with the Maven one here.

Author: Ryan Williams <ryan.blake.williams@gmail.com>

Closes #2859 from ryan-williams/broken-links-readme and squashes the following commits:

7692253 [Ryan Williams] fix broken links in README.md
[SPARK-4107] Fix incorrect handling of read() and skip() return values

`read()` may return fewer bytes than requested; when this occurred, the old code would silently return less data than requested, which might cause stream corruption errors.  `skip()` faces similar issues, too.

This patch fixes several cases where we mis-handle these methods' return values.

Author: Josh Rosen <joshrosen@databricks.com>

Closes #2969 from JoshRosen/file-channel-read-fix and squashes the following commits:

e724a9f [Josh Rosen] Fix similar issue of not checking skip() return value.
cbc03ce [Josh Rosen] Update the other log message, too.
01e6015 [Josh Rosen] file.getName -> file.getAbsolutePath
d961d95 [Josh Rosen] Fix another issue in FileServerSuite.
b9265d2 [Josh Rosen] Fix a similar (minor) issue in TestUtils.
cd9d76f [Josh Rosen] Fix a similar error in Tachyon:
3db0008 [Josh Rosen] Fix a similar read() error in Utils.offsetBytes().
db985ed [Josh Rosen] Fix unsafe usage of FileChannel.read():
[SPARK-3961] [MLlib] [PySpark] Python API for mllib.feature

Added completed Python API for MLlib.feature

Normalizer
StandardScalerModel
StandardScaler
HashTF
IDFModel
IDF

cc mengxr

Author: Davies Liu <davies@databricks.com>
Author: Davies Liu <davies.liu@gmail.com>

Closes #2819 from davies/feature and squashes the following commits:

4f48f48 [Davies Liu] add a note for HashingTF
67f6d21 [Davies Liu] address comments
b628693 [Davies Liu] rollback changes in Word2Vec
efb4f4f [Davies Liu] Merge branch 'master' into feature
806c7c2 [Davies Liu] address comments
3abb8c2 [Davies Liu] address comments
59781b9 [Davies Liu] Merge branch 'master' of github.com:apache/spark into feature
a405ae7 [Davies Liu] fix tests
7a1891a [Davies Liu] fix tests
486795f [Davies Liu] update programming guide, HashTF -> HashingTF
8a50584 [Davies Liu] Python API for mllib.feature
[SPARK-4116][YARN]Delete the abandoned log4j-spark-container.properties

Since its name reduced at https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/560, the log4j-spark-container.properties was never used again.
And I have searched its name globally in code and found no cite.

Author: WangTaoTheTonic <barneystinson@aliyun.com>

Closes #2977 from WangTaoTheTonic/delLog4j and squashes the following commits:

fb2729f [WangTaoTheTonic] delete the log4j file obsoleted
[SPARK-4095][YARN][Minor]extract val isLaunchingDriver in ClientBase

Instead of checking if `args.userClass` is null repeatedly, we extract it to an global val as in `ApplicationMaster`.

Author: WangTaoTheTonic <barneystinson@aliyun.com>

Closes #2954 from WangTaoTheTonic/MemUnit and squashes the following commits:

13bda20 [WangTaoTheTonic] extract val isLaunchingDriver in ClientBase
[SPARK-4098][YARN]use appUIAddress instead of appUIHostPort in yarn-client mode

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-4098

Author: WangTaoTheTonic <barneystinson@aliyun.com>

Closes #2958 from WangTaoTheTonic/useAddress and squashes the following commits:

29236e6 [WangTaoTheTonic] use appUIAddress instead of appUIHostPort in yarn-cluster mode
[SPARK-4031] Make torrent broadcast read blocks on use.

This avoids reading torrent broadcast variables when they are referenced in the closure but not used in the closure. This is done by using a `lazy val` to read broadcast blocks

cc rxin JoshRosen for review

Author: Shivaram Venkataraman <shivaram@cs.berkeley.edu>

Closes #2871 from shivaram/broadcast-read-value and squashes the following commits:

1456d65 [Shivaram Venkataraman] Use getUsedTimeMs and remove readObject
d6c5ee9 [Shivaram Venkataraman] Use laxy val to implement readBroadcastBlock
0b34df7 [Shivaram Venkataraman] Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/apache/spark into broadcast-read-value
9cec507 [Shivaram Venkataraman] Test if broadcast variables are read lazily
768b40b [Shivaram Venkataraman] Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/apache/spark into broadcast-read-value
8792ed8 [Shivaram Venkataraman] Make torrent broadcast read blocks on use. This avoids reading broadcast variables when they are referenced in the closure but not used by the code.
[SPARK-4110] Wrong comments about default settings in spark-daemon.sh

In spark-daemon.sh, thare are following comments.

    #   SPARK_CONF_DIR  Alternate conf dir. Default is ${SPARK_PREFIX}/conf.
    #   SPARK_LOG_DIR   Where log files are stored.  PWD by default.

But, I think the default value for SPARK_CONF_DIR is `${SPARK_HOME}/conf` and for SPARK_LOG_DIR is `${SPARK_HOME}/logs`.

Author: Kousuke Saruta <sarutak@oss.nttdata.co.jp>

Closes #2972 from sarutak/SPARK-4110 and squashes the following commits:

5a171a2 [Kousuke Saruta] Fixed wrong comments
[SPARK-4096][YARN]let ApplicationMaster accept executor memory argument in same format as JVM memory strings

Here `ApplicationMaster` accept executor memory argument only in number format, we should let it accept JVM style memory strings as well.

Author: WangTaoTheTonic <barneystinson@aliyun.com>

Closes #2955 from WangTaoTheTonic/modifyDesc and squashes the following commits:

ab98c70 [WangTaoTheTonic] append parameter passed in
3779767 [WangTaoTheTonic] Update executor memory description in the help message
[SPARK-3657] yarn alpha YarnRMClientImpl throws NPE appMasterRequest.setTrackingUrl starting spark-shell

tgravescs reported this issue.

Following is quoted from tgravescs' report.

YarnRMClientImpl.registerApplicationMaster can throw null pointer exception when setting the trackingurl if its empty:

    appMasterRequest.setTrackingUrl(new URI(uiAddress).getAuthority())

I hit this just start spark-shell without the tracking url set.

14/09/23 16:18:34 INFO yarn.YarnRMClientImpl: Connecting to ResourceManager at kryptonitered-jt1.red.ygrid.yahoo.com/98.139.154.99:8030
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
        at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.proto.YarnServiceProtos$RegisterApplicationMasterRequestProto$Builder.setTrackingUrl(YarnServiceProtos.java:710)
        at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.protocolrecords.impl.pb.RegisterApplicationMasterRequestPBImpl.setTrackingUrl(RegisterApplicationMasterRequestPBImpl.java:132)
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.YarnRMClientImpl.registerApplicationMaster(YarnRMClientImpl.scala:102)
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.YarnRMClientImpl.register(YarnRMClientImpl.scala:55)
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.YarnRMClientImpl.register(YarnRMClientImpl.scala:38)
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.ApplicationMaster.registerAM(ApplicationMaster.scala:168)
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.ApplicationMaster.runExecutorLauncher(ApplicationMaster.scala:206)
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.ApplicationMaster.run(ApplicationMaster.scala:120)

Author: Kousuke Saruta <sarutak@oss.nttdata.co.jp>

Closes #2981 from sarutak/SPARK-3657-2 and squashes the following commits:

e2fd6bc [Kousuke Saruta] Merge branch 'master' of git://git.apache.org/spark into SPARK-3657
70b8882 [Kousuke Saruta] Fixed NPE thrown
[SPARK-4089][Doc][Minor] The version number of Spark in _config.yaml is wrong.

The version number of Spark in docs/_config.yaml for master branch should be 1.2.0 for now.

Author: Kousuke Saruta <sarutak@oss.nttdata.co.jp>

Closes #2943 from sarutak/SPARK-4089 and squashes the following commits:

aba7fb4 [Kousuke Saruta] Fixed the version number of Spark in _config.yaml
[SPARK-4065] Add check for IPython on Windows

This issue employs logic similar to the bash launcher (pyspark) to check
if IPTYHON=1, and if so launch ipython with options in IPYTHON_OPTS.
This fix assumes that ipython is available in the system Path, and can
be invoked with a plain "ipython" command.

Author: Michael Griffiths <msjgriffiths@gmail.com>

Closes #2910 from msjgriffiths/pyspark-windows and squashes the following commits:

ef34678 [Michael Griffiths] Change build message to comply with [SPARK-3775]
361e3d8 [Michael Griffiths] [SPARK-4065] Add check for IPython on Windows
9ce72d1 [Michael Griffiths] [SPARK-4065] Add check for IPython on Windows
[SPARK-4058] [PySpark] Log file name is hard coded even though there is a variable '$LOG_FILE '

In a script 'python/run-tests', log file name is represented by a variable 'LOG_FILE' and it is used in run-tests. But, there are some hard-coded log file name in the script.

Author: Kousuke Saruta <sarutak@oss.nttdata.co.jp>

Closes #2905 from sarutak/SPARK-4058 and squashes the following commits:

7710490 [Kousuke Saruta] Fixed python/run-tests not to use hard-coded log file name
[SPARK-3814][SQL] Support for Bitwise AND(&), OR(|) ,XOR(^), NOT(~) in Spark HQL and SQL

Currently there is no support of Bitwise & , | in Spark HiveQl and Spark SQL as well. So this PR support the same.
I am closing https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/2926 as it has conflicts to merge. And also added support for Bitwise AND(&), OR(|) ,XOR(^), NOT(~) And I handled all review comments in that PR

Author: ravipesala <ravindra.pesala@huawei.com>

Closes #2961 from ravipesala/SPARK-3814-NEW4 and squashes the following commits:

a391c7a [ravipesala] Rebase with master
[SPARK-3988][SQL] add public API for date type

Add json and python api for date type.
By using Pickle, `java.sql.Date` was serialized as calendar, and recognized in python as `datetime.datetime`.

Author: Daoyuan Wang <daoyuan.wang@intel.com>

Closes #2901 from adrian-wang/spark3988 and squashes the following commits:

c51a24d [Daoyuan Wang] convert datetime to date
5670626 [Daoyuan Wang] minor line combine
f760d8e [Daoyuan Wang] fix indent
444f100 [Daoyuan Wang] fix a typo
1d74448 [Daoyuan Wang] fix scala style
8d7dd22 [Daoyuan Wang] add json and python api for date type
[Spark 3922] Refactor spark-core to use Utils.UTF_8

A global UTF8 constant is very helpful to handle encoding problems when converting between String and bytes. There are several solutions here:

1. Add `val UTF_8 = Charset.forName("UTF-8")` to Utils.scala
2. java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8 (require JDK7)
3. io.netty.util.CharsetUtil.UTF_8
4. com.google.common.base.Charsets.UTF_8
5. org.apache.commons.lang.CharEncoding.UTF_8
6. org.apache.commons.lang3.CharEncoding.UTF_8

IMO, I prefer option 1) because people can find it easily.

This is a PR for option 1) and only fixes Spark Core.

Author: zsxwing <zsxwing@gmail.com>

Closes #2781 from zsxwing/SPARK-3922 and squashes the following commits:

f974edd [zsxwing] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-3922
2d27423 [zsxwing] Refactor spark-core to use Refactor spark-core to use Utils.UTF_8
[SPARK-3343] [SQL] Add serde support for CTAS

Currently, `CTAS` (Create Table As Select) doesn't support specifying the `SerDe` in HQL. This PR will pass down the `ASTNode` into the physical operator `execution.CreateTableAsSelect`, which will extract the `CreateTableDesc` object via Hive `SemanticAnalyzer`. In the meantime, I also update the `HiveMetastoreCatalog.createTable` to optionally support the `CreateTableDesc` for table creation.

Author: Cheng Hao <hao.cheng@intel.com>

Closes #2570 from chenghao-intel/ctas_serde and squashes the following commits:

e011ef5 [Cheng Hao] shim for both 0.12 & 0.13.1
cfb3662 [Cheng Hao] revert to hive 0.12
c8a547d [Cheng Hao] Support SerDe properties within CTAS
[SPARK-4084] Reuse sort key in Sorter

Sorter uses generic-typed key for sorting. When data is large, it creates lots of key objects, which is not efficient. We should reuse the key in Sorter for memory efficiency. This change is part of the petabyte sort implementation from rxin .

The `Sorter` class was written in Java and marked package private. So it is only available to `org.apache.spark.util.collection`. I renamed it to `TimSort` and add a simple wrapper of it, still called `Sorter`, in Scala, which is `private[spark]`.

The benchmark code is updated, which now resets the array before each run. Here is the result on sorting primitive Int arrays of size 25 million using Sorter:

~~~
[info] - Sorter benchmark for key-value pairs !!! IGNORED !!!
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: Took 13237 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: Took 13320 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: Took 15718 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: Took 13283 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: Took 13267 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: Took 15122 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: Took 15495 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: Took 14877 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: Took 16429 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: Took 14250 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on non-primitive int array: (13878 ms first try, 14499 ms average)
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: Took 2683 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: Took 2683 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: Took 2701 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: Took 2746 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: Took 2685 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: Took 2735 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: Took 2669 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: Took 2693 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: Took 2680 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: Took 2642 ms
Java Arrays.sort() on primitive int array: (2948 ms first try, 2691 ms average)
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: Took 10732 ms
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: Took 12482 ms
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: Took 10718 ms
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: Took 12650 ms
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: Took 10747 ms
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: Took 10783 ms
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: Took 12721 ms
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: Took 10604 ms
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: Took 10622 ms
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: Took 11843 ms
Sorter without key reuse on primitive int array: (11089 ms first try, 11390 ms average)
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: Took 5141 ms
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: Took 5298 ms
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: Took 5066 ms
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: Took 5164 ms
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: Took 5203 ms
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: Took 5274 ms
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: Took 5186 ms
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: Took 5159 ms
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: Took 5164 ms
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: Took 5078 ms
Sorter with key reuse on primitive int array: (5311 ms first try, 5173 ms average)
~~~

So with key reuse, it is faster and less likely to trigger GC.

Author: Xiangrui Meng <meng@databricks.com>
Author: Reynold Xin <rxin@apache.org>

Closes #2937 from mengxr/SPARK-4084 and squashes the following commits:

d73c3d0 [Xiangrui Meng] address comments
0b7b682 [Xiangrui Meng] fix mima
a72f53c [Xiangrui Meng] update timeIt
38ba50c [Xiangrui Meng] update timeIt
720f731 [Xiangrui Meng] add doc about JIT specialization
78f2879 [Xiangrui Meng] update tests
7de2efd [Xiangrui Meng] update the Sorter benchmark code to be correct
8626356 [Xiangrui Meng] add prepare to timeIt and update testsin SorterSuite
5f0d530 [Xiangrui Meng] update method modifiers of SortDataFormat
6ffbe66 [Xiangrui Meng] rename Sorter to TimSort and add a Scala wrapper that is private[spark]
b00db4d [Xiangrui Meng] doc and tests
cf94e8a [Xiangrui Meng] renaming
464ddce [Reynold Xin] cherry-pick rxin's commit
[SPARK-4008] Fix "kryo with fold" in KryoSerializerSuite

`zeroValue` will be serialized by `spark.closure.serializer` but `spark.closure.serializer` only supports the default Java serializer. So it must not be `ClassWithoutNoArgConstructor`, which can not be serialized by the Java serializer.

This PR changed `zeroValue` to null and updated the test to make it work correctly.

Author: zsxwing <zsxwing@gmail.com>

Closes #2856 from zsxwing/SPARK-4008 and squashes the following commits:

51da655 [zsxwing] [SPARK-4008] Fix "kryo with fold" in KryoSerializerSuite
[SPARK-3904] [SQL] add constant objectinspector support for udfs

In HQL, we convert all of the data type into normal `ObjectInspector`s for UDFs, most of cases it works, however, some of the UDF actually requires its children `ObjectInspector` to be the `ConstantObjectInspector`, which will cause exception.
e.g.
select named_struct("x", "str") from src limit 1;

I updated the method `wrap` by adding the one more parameter `ObjectInspector`(to describe what it expects to wrap to, for example: java.lang.Integer or IntWritable).

As well as the `unwrap` method by providing the input `ObjectInspector`.

Author: Cheng Hao <hao.cheng@intel.com>

Closes #2762 from chenghao-intel/udf_coi and squashes the following commits:

bcacfd7 [Cheng Hao] Shim for both Hive 0.12 & 0.13.1
2416e5d [Cheng Hao] revert to hive 0.12
5793c01 [Cheng Hao] add space before while
4e56e1b [Cheng Hao] style issue
683d3fd [Cheng Hao] Add golden files
fe591e4 [Cheng Hao] update HiveGenericUdf for set the ObjectInspector while constructing the DeferredObject
f6740fe [Cheng Hao] Support Constant ObjectInspector for Map & List
8814c3a [Cheng Hao] Passing ContantObjectInspector(when necessary) for UDF initializing