Additional Chapter 2 Edits

Some additional edits on Chapter 2 as I continue to go through it.

Apparently I've missed editing papers. :)

Same sort of edits as previously -- grammar, tenses, structure, word choice, and brevity/phrasing as appropriate.

If I can do anything to make these edits of higher quality (Preferences on commit notes, etc.) just let me know and I'll adjust going forward.