Add tests that demonstrate exponential run time

Signed-off-by: Stuart Sierra <mail@stuartsierra.com>
Linear time version of transitive* functions

Signed-off-by: Stuart Sierra <mail@stuartsierra.com>
Rename transitive-*-of-set to transitive-*-set
Remove printlns & separate new dependency tests
Clarify definition of 'transitive', remove extra fns
Update README for TNS-18