Allow for platforms that have optreset but not <getopt.h>.

Reportedly, some versions of mingw are like that, and it seems plausible
in general that older platforms might be that way.  However, we'd
determined experimentally that just doing "extern int" conflicts with
the way Cygwin declares these variables, so explicitly exclude Cygwin.

Michael Paquier, tweaked by me to hopefully not break Cygwin
Fix comment.

Previous commit was confused about the case we're handling: actually,
what the patch is dealing with is platforms that have optreset, *and*
have <getopt.h>, but the latter fails to declare the former.  Because
we use a linking probe to set HAVE_INT_OPTRESET, we need to be sure we
have a declaration even if <getopt.h> doesn't think it exists.
Un-break ecpg test suite under --disable-integer-datetimes.

Commit 4318daecc959886d001a6e79c6ea853e8b1dfb4b broke it.  The change in
sub-second precision at extreme dates is normal.  The inconsistent
truncation vs. rounding is essentially a bug, albeit a longstanding one.
Back-patch to 8.4, like the causative commit.
Revert "Auto-tune effective_cache size to be 4x shared buffers"

This reverts commit ee1e5662d8d8330726eaef7d3110cb7add24d058, as well as
a remarkably large number of followup commits, which were mostly concerned
with the fact that the implementation didn't work terribly well.  It still
doesn't: we probably need some rather basic work in the GUC infrastructure
if we want to fully support GUCs whose default varies depending on the
value of another GUC.  Meanwhile, it also emerged that there wasn't really
consensus in favor of the definition the patch tried to implement (ie,
effective_cache_size should default to 4 times shared_buffers).  So whack
it all back to where it was.  In a followup commit, I'll do what was
recently agreed to, which is to simply change the default to a higher
value.
Increase the default value of effective_cache_size to 4GB.

Per discussion, the old value of 128MB is ridiculously small on modern
machines; in fact, it's not even any larger than the default value of
shared_buffers, which it certainly should be.  Increase to 4GB, which
is unlikely to be any worse than the old default for anyone, and should
be noticeably better for most.  Eventually we might have an autotuning
scheme for this setting, but the recent attempt crashed and burned,
so for now just do this.
Document permissions needed for pg_database_size and pg_tablespace_size.

Back in 8.3, we installed permissions checks in these functions (see
commits 8bc225e7990a and cc26599b7206).  But we forgot to document that
anywhere in the user-facing docs; it did get mentioned in the 8.3 release
notes, but nobody's looking at that any more.  Per gripe from Suya Huang.
Fix missing dependencies in ecpg's test Makefiles.

Ensure that ecpg preprocessor output files are rebuilt when re-testing
after a change in the ecpg preprocessor itself, or a change in any of
several include files that get copied verbatim into the output files.
The lack of these dependencies was what created problems for Kevin Grittner
after the recent pgindent run.  There's no way for --enable-depend to
discover these dependencies automatically, so we've gotta put them into
the Makefiles by hand.

While at it, reduce the amount of duplication in the ecpg invocations.
Avoid some pnstrdup()s when constructing jsonb

This speeds up text to jsonb parsing and hstore to jsonb conversions
somewhat.
Minor cleanup of jsonb_util.c

Move the functions around to group related functions together. Remove
binequal argument from lengthCompareJsonbStringValue, moving that
responsibility to lengthCompareJsonbPair. Fix typo in comment.