FileHelpers: Tolerates transient IO errors

* Uses Enterprise Library for "retry policy".
* Routes all File IO read/write calls to helper.
* Fixes CoffeeScript, SCSS and LESS compilation-
  related issues.
* Fixes TypeScript crashing issues.
* Fixes tests.
* Other minor fixes.
* Targeting #871, #887, #890, #897, #868 & #904.