Add parallel execution of make to lots of testing scripts.
Do not use parallel execution when calling `make check`.

start_test breaks because the backend C build (inside chpl compiler) calls
make. However, when that make starts up, it assumes it is a submake and
attempts to communicate with a job server that does not exist. There is
probably some way to fix that (one thought is to set .NOTPARALLEL in the
Makefile.exe), but it is simple enough to call regular make with parallel
execution and then make a second call to make check.
Merge branch 'para-make' of github.com:thomasvandoren/chapel into test-with-para-build
Merge branch 'master' of github.com:chapel-lang/chapel into test-with-para-build

Conflicts:
	util/cron/nightly
	util/cron/test-cray-xc-knc-default-examples.bash
Merge branch 'master' of github.com:chapel-lang/chapel into test-with-para-build
Merge branch 'master' of github.com:chapel-lang/chapel into test-with-para-build
Improve error handling in nightly when CHPL_NIGHTLY_LOGDIR is not set.

* Report error and exit with non-zero code if CHPL_NIGHTLY_LOGDIR is not set
  (or empty) in -cron mode.
* Try to create the logdir, if it does not exist already (for both -cron and
  -debug modes).
* Check that directory is accessible in both -cron and -debug modes.

Some of these things were already done in -debug mode.
Merge branch 'master' of github.com:chapel-lang/chapel into improve-error-checking-in-nightly
I am adding the baseline c version of the code
Including 2 different version of the the CFD-mini benchmark.
One is the baseline chapel
one is the baseline c
Last week I had started reworking my noinit tests now that _defaultOf is in the
repository.  This is just storing all those changes until I can get back to it
Number of edits:
1) re-renamed the 1D/2D situation.
   Names reflect the data dimensionality, and not the dimensionality of the tile.
2) Unified graphs by dimension. There is now only a Jacobi-1D and Jacobi-2D graphs.
Several things:
1) re-renamed files, from plain "Diamond-Tiling" to "Sliced-Diamond-Tiling"
   I figured that this will ease some headaches when we get regular, unsliced Diamond Tiling
2) Added the OpenMP C versions for 1- & 2-D, of Naive-Parallel and Sliced-Diamond-Tiling
Disable task table by default

This commit disables task tracking and the task table by default.
This cuts down on the size of the generated code and compile time
significantly.  The argument is that if your program fails
deterministically enough to be able to re-run with task tracking,
you can afford the time to recompile it.

We could make this default to on for CHPL_TASKS=fifo (the only place
it works currently anyway), but that suggests that once qthreads
supported it, we'd want it to default on there too, and I'm not sure
that's the case.  Or else we'd want to disable it in testing by
default.
I spent a few hours tonight taking a stab at writing an alternate
version of the cd-mini code, in part to get my head around what
it does (nothing like rewriting code to understand it).

The main changes I took on were:

* converted the 5D arrays to 1D of 1D of 3D arrays which seems to
  match its logical structure better (and similarly, the 4D arrays
  to a 1D of 3D).  This killed performance unless I also made either
  aliases to the inner arrays when I was computing on them for
  awhile or passed them into routines that chewed on them.

* also created routines in order to try and remove the amount of
  redundancy in the code.

I don't feel fully confident that I got everything correct, and
am worried that the correctness check is not tight enough that
it would necessarily catch problems if I did get something right.

It's also almost certain that my variable names could be made better
-- I didn't always know what they were representing, especially as I
was introducing formal argument names for the routines I was
injecting, and would be happy for suggestions for improvement.
Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/chapel-lang/chapel into noTaskTable
Added a routine to warn if this flag is used when CHPL_TASKS != fifo

(since none of the tasking runtime layers call into this module
other than that one).
Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/chapel-lang/chapel into noTaskTable
Fix qio_file_path_for_fd so it works in cygwin

qio_file_path_for_fd has three paths that are selected via ifdefs, cygwin was
hitting the fall-back case that always returned "unknown" as the file path.

cygwin can actually use the same code as linux for this operation, so I've
added a check for __CYGWIN__ to that `#if`.
Add a future for the widecols.chpl cygwin output.

Cygwin thinks that the character G clef takes up more
space than it does when output, so is missing a space
in its final output.  This is a bug, so futurize the
failing case (by making a link to the original) and
skip the cygwin run of the original.