Add a (more constrained) API for expressing filters on columns

This is to support predicate push down, which will take advantage of these constrained filter predicates.
This will need to be reconciled with the column filters currently in the `parquet.filter` package, but I wanted to get feedback on this first.

Sample usage in java:
```
// if you lie, and column "a.b.c" isn't an int column, we won't know until runtime. 
Column<Integer> abc = column("a.b.c"); 
Column<Double> xyz = column("x.y.z");

FilterPredicate predicate =
      and(not(or(eq(abc, 7), eq(abc, 17))), gtEq(xyz, 100.0));
```

Sample usage in scala:
```
val abc = Column[Int]("a.b.c")
val xyz = Column[Double]("x.y.z")
val predicate = !((abc === 7) || (abc === 17)) && (xyz >= 100.0)
```
I kind of like the scala approach of o.canEqual(this).

Basically you see if it is a ColumnFilterPredicate, and then ask it if it can be equal to this. The nice thing is that this deals with issues around inheritance, because every class can decide whether it can be equal to any other class.