Added #or to ActiveRecord::Relation

To complement the default *and* behaviour while building relations, allow two **very similar** relations to be combined with an *or*.

    Post.where('id = 1').or(Post.where('id = 2'))
    # => SELECT * FROM posts WHERE (id = 1) OR (id = 2)

Unlike previous attempts, we avoid any ambiguity about "how much" we're ORing by exclusively accepting a second relation -- thus, we're ORing whatever conditions differ between the two.

This is a much stricter variant of @gaelmuller's #9052; see also @oelmekki's #10891.

/cc @dhh @jeremy @tenderlove @rafaelfranca
Maybe just renaming `common` to `combined` or something. This also could become much simpler if an `Or` node could work when one of its children were empty, or a specialized node for that case.