ext4: speed up truncate/unlink by not using bforget() unless needed

Do not iterate over data blocks scanning for bh's to forget as they're
never exist. This improves time taken by unlink / truncate syscall.
Tested by continuously truncating file that is being written by dd.
Another test is rm -rf of linux tree while tar unpacks it. With
ordered data mode condition unlikely(!tbh) was always met in
ext4_free_blocks. With journal data mode tbh was found only few times,
so optimisation is also possible.

Unlinking fallocated 60G file after doing sync && echo 3 >
/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches && time rm --help

X86 before (linux 3.6-rc4):
# time rm -f test1
real    0m2.710s
user    0m0.000s
sys     0m1.530s

X86 after:
# time rm -f test1
real    0m0.644s
user    0m0.003s
sys     0m0.060s

MIPS before (linux 2.6.37):
# time rm -f test1
real    0m 4.93s
user    0m 0.00s
sys     0m 4.61s

MIPS after:
# time rm -f test1
real    0m 0.16s
user    0m 0.00s
sys     0m 0.06s

Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Sidorov <qrxd43@motorola.com>
random: prevent add_input from doing anything
random: Statically compute poolbitshift, poolbytes, poolbits

From: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Use a macro to statically compute poolbitshift (will be used in a
subsequent patch), poolbytes, and poolbits.  On virtually all
architectures the cost of a memory load with an offset is the same as
the one of a memory load.

It is still possible for this to generate worse code since the C
compiler doesn't know the fixed relationship between these fields, but
that is somewhat unlikely.

Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Revert "random: Statically compute poolbitshift, poolbytes, poolbits"

This reverts commit aa2276718567837149a8067c55d694b0564b515b.
random: remove warning
cpufreq: Initial CPU utilization should be 0

Signed-off-by: Stratos Karafotis <stratosk@semaphore.gr>
sched: Fix clear NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK

I have faced a sequence where the Idle Load Balance was sometime not
triggered for a while on my platform, in the following scenario:

 CPU 0 and CPU 1 are running tasks and CPU 2 is idle

 CPU 1 kicks the Idle Load Balance
 CPU 1 selects CPU 2 as the new Idle Load Balancer
 CPU 2 sets NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK for CPU 2
 CPU 2 sends a reschedule IPI to CPU 2

 While CPU 3 wakes up, CPU 0 or CPU 1 migrates a waking up task A on CPU 2

 CPU 2 finally wakes up, runs task A and discards the Idle Load Balance
       task A quickly goes back to sleep (before a tick occurs on CPU 2)
 CPU 2 goes back to idle with NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK set

Whenever CPU 2 will be selected as the ILB, no reschedule IPI will be sent
because NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK is already set and no Idle Load Balance will be
performed.

We must wait for the sched softirq to be raised on CPU 2 thanks to another
part the kernel to come back to clear NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK.

The proposed solution clears NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK in schedule_ipi if
we can't raise the sched_softirq for the Idle Load Balance.

Change since V1:

- move the clear of NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK in got_nohz_idle_kick if the ILB
  can't run on this CPU (as suggested by Peter)

Signed-off-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1370419991-13870-1-git-send-email-vincent.guittot@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Git-commit: 873b4c65b519fd769940eb281f77848227d4e5c1
Git-repo: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
[smuckle@codeaurora.org: minor merge resolution for 3.4 in scheduler_ipi()]
Signed-off-by: Steve Muckle <smuckle@codeaurora.org>
Change-Id: I3548612057cccc2ecc29429c129c44183083831f

Signed-off-by: Francisco Franco <franciscofranco.1990@gmail.com>
block: Reserve only one queue tag for sync IO if only 3 tags are available

In case a device has three tags available we still reserve two of them
for sync IO. That leaves only a single tag for async IO such as
writeback from flusher thread which results in poor performance.

Allow async IO to consume two tags in case queue has three tag availabe
to get a decent async write performance.

This patch improves streaming write performance on a machine with such disk
from ~21 MB/s to ~52 MB/s. Also postmark throughput in presence of
streaming writer improves from 8 to 12 transactions per second so sync
IO doesn't seem to be harmed in presence of heavy async writer.

Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Pranav Vashi <neobuddy89@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: franciscofranco <franciscofranco.1990@gmail.com>
readahead: make context readahead more conservative

This helps performance on moderately dense random reads on SSD.

Transaction-Per-Second numbers provided by Taobao:

		QPS	case
		-------------------------------------------------------
		7536	disable context readahead totally
w/ patch:	7129	slower size rampup and start RA on the 3rd read
		6717	slower size rampup
w/o patch:	5581	unmodified context readahead

Before, readahead will be started whenever reading page N+1 when it happen
to read N recently.  After patch, we'll only start readahead when *three*
random reads happen to access pages N, N+1, N+2.  The probability of this
happening is extremely low for pure random reads, unless they are very
dense, which actually deserves some readahead.

Also start with a smaller readahead window.  The impact to interleaved
sequential reads should be small, because for a long run stream, the the
small readahead window rampup phase is negletable.

The context readahead actually benefits clustered random reads on HDD
whose seek cost is pretty high.  However as SSD is increasingly used for
random read workloads it's better for the context readahead to concentrate
on interleaved sequential reads.

Another SSD rand read test from Miao

        # file size:        2GB
        # read IO amount: 625MB
        sysbench --test=fileio          \
                --max-requests=10000    \
                --num-threads=1         \
                --file-num=1            \
                --file-block-size=64K   \
                --file-test-mode=rndrd  \
                --file-fsync-freq=0     \
                --file-fsync-end=off    run

shows the performance of btrfs grows up from 69MB/s to 121MB/s, ext4 from
104MB/s to 121MB/s.

Signed-off-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Tested-by: Tao Ma <tm@tao.ma>
Tested-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Pranav Vashi <neobuddy89@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: franciscofranco <franciscofranco.1990@gmail.com>