De-bias Data.Foldable and improve docstrings

Use fewer left/right-biased folds for defaults and
functions in `Data.Foldable`, to better support things
that don't look like cons lists.

This also extends the Haddock docstrings in `Data.Foldable`.

Reviewed By: hvr, ekmett

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D441