Fix typos in inf() and nan() docs.
Fix sphinx doc build warning

The uniform scaling operator
--------------------------
julia/doc/manual/linear-algebra.rst:127:
WARNING: Title underline too short.
Fix sphinx doc build warning

julia/doc/manual/faq.rst:55: WARNING: Title
underline too short.

I passed an argument ``x`` to a function, modified it inside that
function, but on the outside, the variable ``x`` is still unchanged.
Why?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Fix formatting in SharedArrays doc.

Code block environment removes the following Sphinx warning:

julia/doc/manual/parallel-computing.rst:567:
WARNING: Definition list ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
Fix formatting in Cartesian docs

Fixes the Sphinx warnings:

julia/doc/devdocs/cartesian.rst:226: WARNING:
Explicit markup ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
julia/doc/devdocs/cartesian.rst:297: WARNING:
Explicit markup ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
Remove doc references to deprecated package list

packages.rst: add link to pkg.julialang.org

Fixes the Sphinx warnings:

julia/doc/manual/packages.rst:7: WARNING:
undefined label: available-packages (if the link has no caption the
label must precede a section header)
julia/doc/stdlib/base.rst:10: WARNING: undefined
label: available-packages (if the link has no caption the label must
precede a section header)
Fix 'unexpected indent' warning in doc build

Fixes Sphinx build warning:

julia/doc/manual/noteworthy-differences.rst:101:
ERROR: Unexpected indentation.
Fix hard-coded html cross-reference in style guide doc

Replace URL link with proper cross-reference so that the hyperlink will
work correctly in the latex docs.

Previously, running `make latex` would produce the warning

julia/doc/manual/style-guide.rst:: WARNING:
unusable reference target found: faq.html#man-abstract-container-type
Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia