GlobalValue: Automatically reset visibility when setting local linkage

r208264 started asserting in `setLinkage()` and `setVisibility()` that
visibility and linkage are compatible.  There are a few places in clang
where visibility is set first, and then linkage later, so the assert
fires.  In `setLinkage()`, it's clear what the visibility *should* be,
so rather than updating all the call sites just automatically fix the
visibility.

The testcase for this is for *clang*, so it'll follow separately in cfe.

PR19760