Added CPreprocessor::apply() and CFeatures::copy_dimension_subset() methods

@karlnapf Please have a look! I added
- `CFeatures::copy_dimension_subset()` method which stays unimplemented in base class but works in CDenseFeatures. Its possible to use this with subsets as well.
- `CPreprocessor::apply()` method. Subclasses use this as a wrapper to handle specific cases.
@karlnapf I think __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ thing will take care of this class::method() thing, right? So a SG_WARNING should suffice.