Do only follow HTTP and HTTPS redirects

We do not want to follow redirects to other protocols since they might allow an adversary to bypass network restrictions. (i.e. a redirect to ftp:// might be used to access files of a FTP server which might be in a secure zone and not be reachable from the net but from the ownCloud server)

Get final redirect manually using get_headers()

Migrate to HTTPHelper class and add unit tests
Merge pull request #11032 from owncloud/harden-redirect

Do only follow HTTP and HTTPS redirects