Add an AlignmentFromAssumptions Pass

This adds a ScalarEvolution-powered transformation that updates load, store and
memory intrinsic pointer alignments based on invariant((a+q) & b == 0)
expressions. Many of the simple cases we can get with ValueTracking, but we
still need something like this for the more complicated cases (such as those
with an offset) that require some algebra. Note that gcc's
__builtin_assume_aligned's optional third argument provides exactly for this
kind of 'misalignment' offset for which this kind of logic is necessary.

The primary motivation is to fixup alignments for vector loads/stores after
vectorization (and unrolling). This pass is added to the optimization pipeline
just after the SLP vectorizer runs (which, admittedly, does not preserve SE,
although I imagine it could).  Regardless, I actually don't think that the
preservation matters too much in this case: SE computes lazily, and this pass
won't issue any SE queries unless there are any assume intrinsics, so there
should be no real additional cost in the common case (SLP does preserve DT and
LoopInfo).

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@217344 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8
Make use of @llvm.assume from LazyValueInfo

This change teaches LazyValueInfo to use the @llvm.assume intrinsic. Like with
the known-bits change (r217342), this requires feeding a "context" instruction
pointer through many functions. Aside from a little refactoring to reuse the
logic that turns predicates into constant ranges in LVI, the only new code is
that which can 'merge' the range from an assumption into that otherwise
computed. There is also a small addition to JumpThreading so that it can have
LVI use assumptions in the same block as the comparison feeding a conditional
branch.

With this patch, we can now simplify this as expected:
int foo(int a) {
  __builtin_assume(a > 5);
  if (a > 3) {
    bar();
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@217345 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8