C++ Improvements

- Added a section on references
- Cleaned up and rephrased comments
- Removed old and erroneous information
- Normalized indentation to four spaces
- Normalized style to "Stroustrup style"  (http://www.stroustrup.com/bs_faq2.html#layout-style)

In the near future I plan on additional sections covering idiomatic use, such as RAII and C++11 paradigms.
Oddly enough, no. The spec says that `main` without a return statement is assumed to return 0. Again, this is what the original author of this document left. I'll embellish it a bit.