Do not consider PortUnreachableException to require channel closure

Motivation:

When a datagram packet is sent to a destination where nobody actually listens to,
the server O/S will respond with an ICMP Port Unreachable packet.
The ICMP Port Unreachable packet is translated into PortUnreachableException by JDK.
PortUnreachableException is not a harmful exception that prevents a user from sending a datagram.
Therefore, we should not close a datagram channel when PortUnreachableException is caught.

Modifications:

- Do not close a channel when the caught exception is PortUnreachableException.

Result:

A datagram channel is not closed unexpectedly anymore.
Add EDNS support to DnsQueryEncoder

Motivation:

DnsQueryEncoder does not encode the 'additional resources' section at all, which contains the pseudo-RR as defined in RFC 2671.

Modifications:

- Modify DnsQueryEncoder to encode the additional resources
- Fix a bug in DnsQueryEncoder where an empty name is encoded incorrectly

Result:

A user can send an EDNS query.
Name resolver API and DNS-based name resolver

Motivation:

So far, we relied on the domain name resolution mechanism provided by
JDK.  It served its purpose very well, but had the following
shortcomings:

- Domain name resolution is performed in a blocking manner.
  This becomes a problem when a user has to connect to thousands of
  different hosts. e.g. web crawlers
- It is impossible to employ an alternative cache/retry policy.
  e.g. lower/upper bound in TTL, round-robin
- It is impossible to employ an alternative name resolution mechanism.
  e.g. Zookeeper-based name resolver

Modification:

- Add the resolver API in the new module: netty-resolver
- Implement the DNS-based resolver: netty-resolver-dns
  .. which uses netty-codec-dns
- Make ChannelFactory reusable because it's now used by
  io.netty.bootstrap, io.netty.resolver.dns, and potentially by other
  modules in the future
  - Move ChannelFactory from io.netty.bootstrap to io.netty.channel
  - Deprecate the old ChannelFactory
  - Add ReflectiveChannelFactory

Result:

It is trivial to resolve a large number of domain names asynchronously.
Fix test failures in ProxyHandlerTest

Motivation:

The default name resolver attempts to resolve the bad host name (destination.com) and actually succeeds, making the ProxyHandlerTest fail.

Modification:

Use NoopNameResolverGroup instead.

Result:

ProxyHandlerTest passes again.
Fix resource leak in DnsNameResolver
Fix another resource leak in DnsNameResolver

- Fix a bug in cache expiration task; wrong object was being released
- Added more sanity checks when caching an entry
Make TestUtils.getFreePort() check both TCP and UDP

Motivation:

We see occational failures in the datagram tests saying 'address already
in use' when we attempt to bind on a port returned by
TestUtils.getFreePort().

It turns out that TestUtils.getFreePort() only checks if TCP port is
available.

Modifications:

Also check if UDP port is available, so that the datagram tests do not
fail because of the 'address already in use' error during a bind
attempt.

Result:

Less chance of datagram test failures
Fix an infinite loop when writing a zero-length FileRegion

Related: #2964

Motivation:

Writing a zero-length FileRegion to an NIO channel will lead to an
infinite loop.

Modification:

- Do not write a zero-length FileRegion by protecting with proper 'if'.
- Update the testsuite

Result:

Another bug fixed
Make Bootstrap and ServerBootstrap fully overridable

Related: #2034

Motivation:

Some users want to mock Bootstrap (or ServerBootstrap), and thus they
should not be final but be fully overridable and extensible.

Modifications:

Remove finals wherever possible

Result:

@daschl is happy.
Refactor LzfDecoder to use proper state machine

Motivation:

Make it much more readable code.

Modifications:

- Added states of decompression.
- Refactored decode(...) method to use this states.

Result:

Much more readable decoder which looks like other compression decoders.
Allowing negative keys in IntObjectHashMap.

Motivation:

IntObjectHashMap throws an exception when using negative values for
keys.

Modifications:

Changed hashIndex() to normalize the index if the mod operation returns
a negative number.

Result:

IntObjectHashMap supports negative key values.
Optimize IntObjectHashMap handling of negative keys.

Motivation:

The hashIndex method currently uses a conditional to handle negative
keys. This could be done without a conditional to slightly improve
performance.

Modifications:

Modified hashIndex() to avoid using a conditional.

Result:

Slight performance improvement to hashIndex().
Slight performance improvement to IntObjectHashMap.hashIndex()

Motivation:

Using a needless local copy of keys.length.

Modifications:

Using keys.length explicitly everywhere.

Result:

Slight performance improvement of hashIndex.
Disable SSLv3 to avoid POODLE vulnerability

Related: #3031

Motivation:

The only way to protect ourselves from POODLE vulnerability in Java for
now is to disable SSLv3.

- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POODLE
- https://blogs.oracle.com/security/entry/information_about_ssl_poodle_vulnerability

Modifivation:

Disable SSLv3 in SslContext implementations

Result:

Prevent POODLE vulnerability when a user used SslContext with the
default configuration
V4.1 Fix "=" character in HttpPostRequestDecoder

Motivation
Issue #3004 shows that "=" character was not supported as it should in
the HttpPostRequestDecoder in form-data boundary.

Modifications:
Add 2 methods in StringUtil
- split with maxPart argument: String split with max parts only (to prevent multiple '='
to be source of extra split while not needed)
- substringAfter: String part after delimiter (since first part is not
needed)
Use those methods in HttpPostRequestDecoder.
Change and the HttpPostRequestDecoderTest to check using a boundary
beginning with "=".

Results:
The fix implies more stability and fix the issue.
Fix missing version properties of transport-epoll in all-in-one JAR

Related: #2952

Motivation:

META-INF/io.netty.versions.properties in netty-all-*.jar does not
contain the version information about the netty-transport-epoll module.

Modifications:

Fix a bug in the regular expression in pom.xml, so that the artifacts
with a classifier is also included in the version properties file.

Result:

The version information of all modules are included in the version
properties file, and Version.identify() does not miss
netty-transport-epoll.
CorsHandler should release HttpRequest after processing preflight/error.

Motivation:
Currently, when the CorsHandler processes a preflight request, or
respondes with an 403 Forbidden using the short-curcuit option, the
HttpRequest is not released which leads to a buffer leak.

Modifications:
Releasing the HttpRequest when done processing a preflight request or
responding with an 403.

Result:
Using the CorsHandler will not cause buffer leaks.
Handle an empty ByteBuf specially in HttpObjectEncoder

Related: #2983

Motivation:

It is a well known idiom to write an empty buffer and add a listener to
its future to close a channel when the last byte has been written out:

  ChannelFuture f = channel.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER);
  f.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);

When HttpObjectEncoder is in the pipeline, this still works, but it
silently raises an IllegalStateException, because HttpObjectEncoder does
not allow writing a ByteBuf when it is expecting an HttpMessage.

Modifications:

- Handle an empty ByteBuf specially in HttpObjectEncoder, so that
  writing an empty buffer does not fail even if the pipeline contains an
  HttpObjectEncoder
- Add a test

Result:

An exception is not triggered anymore by HttpObjectEncoder, when a user
attempts to write an empty buffer.
Don't close the connection whenever Expect: 100-continue is missing.

Motivation:

The 4.1.0-Beta3 implementation of HttpObjectAggregator.handleOversizedMessage closes the
connection if the client sent oversized chunked data with no Expect:
100-continue header. This causes a broken pipe or "connection reset by
peer" error in some clients (tested on Firefox 31 OS X 10.9.5,
async-http-client 1.8.14).

This part of the HTTP 1.1 spec (below) seems to say that in this scenario the connection
should not be closed (unless the intention is to be very strict about
how data should be sent).

http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec8.html

"If an origin server receives a request that does not include an
Expect request-header field with the "100-continue" expectation,
the request includes a request body, and the server responds
with a final status code before reading the entire request body
from the transport connection, then the server SHOULD NOT close
the transport connection until it has read the entire request,
or until the client closes the connection. Otherwise, the client
might not reliably receive the response message. However, this
requirement is not be construed as preventing a server from
defending itself against denial-of-service attacks, or from
badly broken client implementations."

Modifications:

Change HttpObjectAggregator.handleOversizedMessage to close the
connection only if keep-alive is off and Expect: 100-continue is
missing. Update test to reflect the change.

Result:

Broken pipe and connection reset errors on the client are avoided when
oversized data is sent.
Implement user-defined writability flags

Related: #2945

Motivation:

Some special handlers such as TrafficShapingHandler need to override the
writability of a Channel to throttle the outbound traffic.

Modifications:

Add a new indexed property called 'user-defined writability flag' to
ChannelOutboundBuffer so that a handler can override the writability of
a Channel easily.

Result:

A handler can override the writability of a Channel using an unsafe API.
For example:

  Channel ch = ...;
  ch.unsafe().outboundBuffer().setUserDefinedWritability(1, false);